Eucharist Sacrament Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Eucharist Sacrament - Research Paper Example The researcher paper "Eucharist sacrament" puts more emphasis on the Eucharist which is also regarded as Holy Communion. The holy Sacrament began the day Jesus gathered his disciples in a quite and orderly room for the last supper. This marked his major mingle with his disciples and was acting as a reminder in their lives and even the generations that were to come. He ordered for certain bread made in specific ways, for instance, it was to be unleavened, meaning it was to have no additives but be made from pure wheat. He then taught them on the importance and implication of the occasion before the actual partaking. He then blessed the bread and wine and ordered his disciples to partake in his remembrance. Jesus the broke the bread and gave to the disciples to symbolize his fleas while the wine symbolized his blood. The disciples kept on with the ritual even after their master ascended to heaven, and this has extended even to the current Christians. The sacrament was a symbol o unity, love, loyalty and commitment to the Christian faith (CCC, 1323). Catholics and other Christians from different beliefs do take the holy communion to mark the sacrificial ritual and as a meal, or rather the spiritual nourishment. The ritual involves the taking of wine and bread which symbolize the blood and body of Christ. The sacrament also draws humankind closer to God, as it purifies the soul and sparks God’s Grace in the Christian lives. The sacrament also acts as a bridge between humankind and God’s promises, according to the new covenant. ... Catholics do appreciate the fact that light and darkness can never tolerate each other, and that is the reason they purify their hearts for God’s mercy and work be manifested in their lives. Some Catholics even fast a day or two before the sacrament. This is to kill the flesh and nourish the spirit so that God may be pleased and His deeds be manifested in the Church. Christians, faith is set to grow as they take various sacraments from one stage to the next. A Christian life is meant to follow a certain order as indicated in the Catechism of the Catholic Church. One is confirmed then baptized just as it happened in Jesus’ life. The sacrament of the Eucharist is meant for a mature Christian, not in age but in faith. One is to be taught the meaning of the sacrament before the actual partaking. Eucharist sacrament is a way of fulfilling Jesus’ command to the disciples to partake the wine and bread to symbolize his body and blood as a remembrance. A Christian is mean t to attend some specific teachings to understand the influence of the ritual in Christians’ lives. Jesus had to teach his disciples the importance of the last supper before the actual breaking of bread. To follow Jesus’ example, a holy priest or teacher is meant to teach the church or remind the church on some basic principles with regard to the ritual before the actual partaking of the bread. These include but not limited to forgiving one another as Christians, repenting to God, telling God any yolk in your life and making peace with fellow human among others. The priest or teacher taking the process should provide humble time for Christians to make peace among themselves and the almighty. The priest or teacher then prays for the bread and then each Christian

Emma by Jane Austen Essay Example for Free

Emma by Jane Austen Essay The selected passage from the eighth chapter is a part of the dialogue between Emma and Mr. Knightly, based on Harriet and Mr. Robert Martin’s match making issue, which is strongly condemned by Emma on the basis of difference of social and intellectual status between Harriet and Mr. Martin but Mr. Knightly supports Mr. Martin for being comparatively more respectable and dignified as he is a self-made farmer as compared to Harriet who had grown as an illegitimate child. This passage holds certain biased female gender statements by Jane Austen which lifted the rhetorical expertise of her novel with the immensity and intensity to create a difference in the opinion of a general public and also of an individual, who had possessed the conventional views of the rigid class structure and orthodox ideas of overlooking women as mere symbols of fanciful appearances. Emma appears with a strong debate for advocating about the intellectual ability of a woman and adamantly suggests the men of her era to become aware of this point of view of a woman being conscious about their individual identity. Mr. Knightly on the other hand speaks justly on behalf of the men of developing class of the society who could equally possess the status of gentlemen in the society. Thus this argument was more of a social debate that led both the characters argue logically against certain beliefs of the society that needed to be reformed to let the people grow more as individuals than as just the product of social and conventional beliefs. Austen surprises her readers when Emma acknowledges the superiority of Harriet over Mr. Martin for her individual intellectual capabilities despite her illegitimate identity of parental background that was mentioned as her handicap in the social status by Mr. Knightly. This manner of expression by Austen discovered a new dimension of analysis and execution of the subject in the novel writing in the eighteenth century literature, which was based on reality but focused through the psychology of the characters. This psychological realism of Jane Austen let her penetrate the minds of the people who existed in the limited sphere around her but even this limited world provided her with the vastness and variety of hidden and suffocated ideas that yearned to expressed openly since ages. As compared to her contemporary or predecessor novelists Jane Austen enjoyed an edge of being more innovative and meticulous in the accomplishment of her subject. Her dexterity in weaving the plots of her novels which have mostly been based on several characters interrelated with each other through the complexities of their thinking and believing, proved her magnitude of apprehension and deep analysis of the variety of people she had observed around her. In â€Å"A History of English Literature† written by Emile Legouis, and Louis Cazamian and Raymond Las Vergnas, Jane Austen has been compared with her contemporary novelist Miss Burney and they have been specifically compared for their distinct manner of expression and choice of the fate of their somewhat similar (or rather conventional) subjects, which mostly dealt with the issues of love, status of the characters and ultimately ending in successful marriages. But Jane Austen has been praised for her rather mature â€Å"clear-sighted eyes† that could â€Å"read through the inner minds of those who live around her, or of the beings whom she invents and animates just as if those minds are transparent†; whereas Miss Burney’s world of novels were more of a depiction of her time and the society that she moved in and about how would a woman succeed through the critical events of her life to achieve a happy marriage. Jane Austen’s world of her novel was more of a depiction of the heroine’s world and how her thoughts, beliefs and notions critically evaluated the world in which she dwelled. Thus Austen’s world is operated through the mind of her heroine whom she provided with a wide range of liberty to interact with a variety of people and also to develop notions about them. This was a perplexed mode of expression which Austen successfully accomplished in most of her novels. Surprisingly Jane Austen’s apathy about the socio-political scenario of her time never inculcated her knowledge to an extent to show a vivid impact in her writings. She remained quite ignorant about the after math of the French Revolution and the emerging Romantic traits of intellect and expression in the field of art and literature. Her sole focus had been on how to read and depict the variable minds of the people who lived with or around her and she believed in expressing for the suffocated thoughts and ideas of the muted minds. She preferred to remain aloof from the moral and social code of conduct in the matter of her psychological analysis she would analyze and deal with the most sensitive aspects that were more felt and less expressed by the people of her time. This is the reason why Emma speaks in favor of Harriet and rates her quite high in an intellectual status as compared to Mr. Martin, despite the fact that Harriet had no legitimate parenthood to satisfy her high social status. The expression of reality requires the cohesion in the acquisition of thoughts that cause concrete notions in our mind and then it requires coherence in the process of development of such potent thoughts that cause the need for an expression. Austen must have deeply observed the psyche of the women of her surroundings to be subtle enough to create Emma or perhaps Austen animated her as a mixture of such women who spent more time in knowing others than knowing themselves. For many readers Austen’s novels are limited and based on almost claustrophobic room of action that gives us a strong sense of the confined nature of a woman’s existence in early-nineteenth-century rural England, but in the social context, Austen’s commitment to reason and moderation can be seen as feminist and progressive rather than conservative. And her profound hypothesis of the varied psychologies of people from different groups of society enabled her to create intelligent and resourceful heroines who stand in constant contrast to the limits of the constricted world of courtship and marriage defining their sphere of action.

Flannery OConnors A Good Man is Hard To Find Essay -- Literacy Analy

Flannery O’Connor’s A Good Man Is Hard to Find is one of the most well-known short stories in American history. A Good Man Is Hard to Find is a disturbing short story that exemplifies grace in extremity as well as the threat of an intruder. The story tells of an elderly grandmother and her family who embark on a road trip to Florida. The grandmother is a stubborn old woman with a low sense of morality. While on the trip, the grandmother convinces her son to take a detour which results in a broken down car and an encounter with a convicted fugitive, The Misfit. Although the grandmother pleads for mercy, The Misfit kills off the rest of her family. Through the grace she finds in her extreme circumstance, the grandmother calls The Misfit her own and implores him to spare her life. The Misfit does not oblige her and states after her death, â€Å"She would have been a good woman if it had been someone to shoot her every day of her life.† Through Flannery Oâ₠¬â„¢Connor’s disturbing and shocking display of the grandmother’s demise, she gives the reader a sense of the threatening power of an intruder and the idea of extreme situations bringing about a state of grace. The reason for such a powerful work may have resulted from Flannery O’Connor’s religious upbringing as well as the state of the nation at the time. During much of the 1930’s and 1940’s, the United States was a fairly isolated nation. While much of Europe and rest of the world were waging war against Germany, the United States kept a fairly pacifist stance and refrained from military involvement (World War II: Isolationist America). Many citizens in the United States feared an intrusion from outside forces, especially after the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, which changed t... ...dly evil character, The Misfit, is able to help the grandmother to find grace makes him redeemable as well. Whatever the reason was for Flannery O’Connor to write A Good Man Is Hard To Find, it will forever be one of her best works as well as one of the best and most unusual short stories of all time. Works Cited Gordon, Sarah. "Flannery O'Connor (1925-1964)." New Georgia Encyclopedia. Georgia Humanities Council and the University of Georgia Press, 3 Mar. 2009. Web. 10 Mar. 2012. . Shmoop Editorial Team. "A Good Man is Hard to Find" Shmoop.com. Shmoop University, Inc., 11 Nov. 2008. Web. 10 Mar. 2012. "World War II: Isolationist America." Second World War II Campaigns. Historical Boy's Clothing, 31 Dec. 2002. Web. 10 Mar. 2012. .

Vacation Destination Preferencees

CHAPTER 1: The Problem and its Background Introduction Vacation destinations are places where someone can go or take a visit to free from work and away from home. These places may be beaches, landmarks, forests, and others in type. Visiting these places requires no age but still, it is better that the place is suitable or appropriate to anyone who visit it. Summer is approaching. Many families or people will surely find a place for their vacation, a place where they can spend their times together. Somewhere which is stress-free and will give them the peaceful feeling they want.Wherever place it is, they’ll definitely need some money to enjoy and in able to reach their desired destination. The Philippines contains many islands that will definitely give the qualities people want from vacation places, especially the amenities that can be found on it. The purpose of this research is to identify the preferred vacation destinations of the constituents and to know their plans on visi ting the places. Moreover, the researcher is interested in taking a more serious look into the most preferable vacation destinations for the residents or constituents of a particular barangay.Statement of the Problem This study was undertaken to find out the most preferable vacation destinations of the constituents of Barangay 502 Sampaloc, Manila and their plans regarding to their visit on the place. Specifically, this study sought answers to the following research questions: 1. What type of place do the constituents prefer for a vacation? 2. Whom do the constituents like to go with for a vacation? 3. How much money do the constituents willing to spend for a vacation? 4. What particular vacation destination/s here in the Philippines do the constituents prefer for a vacation? . 1 In Luzon? 5. 2 In Visayas? 5. 3 In Mindanao? Scope and Limitations This study looked into the preferable vacation destinations here in the Philippines, specifically in Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao and their plans regarding to their visit on the place. Only 50 constituents of Barangay 502 Sampaloc, Manila were involved. No attempt was made to compare and correlate these vacation destinations with any other places in any other countries. Definition of Terms Preference the choice of one thing or person over another (Webster’s Student Dictionary)Vacationa time set aside from work (Webster’s Student Dictionary) Amenityagreeableness; pleasantness (Webster’s Student Dictionary) Constituentserving to form or compose as a necessary part (Webster’s Student Dictionary) Relaxto rest (Webster’s Student Dictionary) Research Methodology Research Design The Descriptive method was used to achieve the objectives of this study. This method seeks to describe a present existing condition, which in this study were the preferable vacation destinations of the constituents of a particular barangay and their plans regarding on the visit to the place.Respondents The target pop ulation consisted of 50 constituents of Barangay 502 Sampaloc, Manila, 32 males and 18 females to be specific. Research Instrument The researcher prepared a checklist which was used for the survey. Data-Gathering Procedure The data were drawn from the 50 constituents of Barangay 502 Sampaloc, Manila who were given a checklist-type of questionnaires for the survey. The researcher gave the checklist individually and it lasted for 3 days. Statistical Treatment Individual responses were tallied before they were put in tables ready for the statistical treatment.Percentage was utilized to quantify the data gathered for subproblems 1, 2, 3, 4. 1, 4. 2 and 4. 3. The formula for percentage is: P= f/N x 100 Where: P= percentage f= frequency N= total number of respondents CHAPTER 2: Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data Gathered This chapter presents the data gathered regarding the most preferred vacation destinations of the constituents of a particular barangay and their plans re garding on visit to the place, and proceeds to the analysis and interpretation of said data. Subproblem 1What type of place do the constituents prefer for a vacation?Table 1 Type of Place of the Constituents for a Vacation Type of Place| Male| %| Female| %| Total| %| Rank| a. Beach| 24| 75%| 13| 73%| 37| 74%| 1| b. Landmark| 2| 6%| 2| 12%| 4| 8%| 3| c. Amusement Park| 2| 6%| 3| 17%| 5| 10%| 2| d. Mountain| 2| 6%| 2| 12%| 4| 8%| 3| e. Forest| 2| 6%| 3| 17%| 5| 10%| 2| Table 1 presents the preferred type of place of the constituents for a vacation. Among the male constituents, 24 or 75% preferred to go to Beach for a vacation, while the Landmark, Amusement Park, Mountain, and Forest each got a 2 or 6% from the male constituents.Among the female constituents, 13 or 73% preferred to go to beach for a vacation, Amusement Park and Forest each got 3 or 17%, and both Landmark and Mountain got 2 or 12% from the female constituents. As a whole, 74% of the constituents preferred the Beach as t heir type of place for vacation, 10% for Amusement Park and Forest, and 8% for Landmark and Mountain. Subproblem 2With whom do the constituents like to go for a vacation? Table 2 Companion of the Constituents for a Vacation Companion| Male| %| Female| %| Total| %| Rank| a. Family| 18| 56%| 10| 56%| 28| 56%| 1| . Friends| 6| 19%| 3| 17%| 9| 18%| 3| c. Special Friend| 5| 16%| 5| 28%| 10| 20%| 2| d. Alone| 3| 9%| 2| 12%| 5| 10%| 4| Table 2 presents the preferred companion of the constituents for a vacation. Among the male constituents, 18 or 56% like to go with their families for a vacation, 6 or 19% with their friends, 5 or 16% with a special friend and 3 or 9% like to go by themselves. Among the female constituents, 10 or 56% want to go with their families for a vacation, 5 or 28% with a special friend, 3 or 17% with their friends and 2 or 12% like to go alone.As a whole, 56% of the constituents like to go with their families for a vacation, 20% with their special friends and 10% wan t to go by themselves. Subproblem 3How much money do the constituents willing to spend for a vacation? Table 3 Amount Money of the Constituents to Spend for a Vacation Amount| Male| %| Female| %| Total| %| Rank| a. P1,000-P3,500| 6| 19%| 4| 23%| 10| 20%| 2| b. P3,500-P7,000| 2| 6%| 4| 23%| 6| 12%| 3| c. P7,000-P12,000| 8| 25%| 2| 12%| 10| 20%| 2| d. P12,000-P20,000| 15| 47%| 7| 39%| 22| 44%| 1| Table 3 presents the amount that the constituents willing to spend for a vacation.Among the male constituents, 15 or 47% were willing to spend P12,000-P20,000 for a vacation, 8 or 25% for an amount of P7,000-P12,000, 6 or 19% for P1,000-P3,500, and 2 or 6% were willing to spend P3,500-P7,000. Among the female constituents, 7 or 39% were willing to spend P12,000-P20,000, while an amount of P1,000-P3,500 and P3,500-P7,000 each got 4 or 23% from the female constituents and 2 or 12% for P7,000-P12,000. As a whole, 44% were willing to spend P12,000-P20,000 for a vacation, 20% for an amount of P1,0 00-P3,500 and P7,000-P12,000, and 12% for P3,500-P7,000.Subproblem 4What vacation destination/s here in the Philippines do the constituents prefer for a vacation? Subproblem 4. 1 in Luzon? Table 4. 1 Vacation Destinations of the Constituents in Luzon Luzon| Male| %| Female| %| Total| %| Rank| Baguio City| 18| 56%| 8| 45%| 26| 52%| 1| Puerto Galera| 10| 31%| 2| 12%| 12| 24%| 4| Puerto Princesa| 12| 38%| 4| 23%| 16| 32%| 2| Tagaytay| 7| 22%| 5| 28%| 12| 24%| 4| Makati City| 2| 6%| 0| 0%| 2| 4%| 8| Caramoan Peninsula| 7| 22%| 1| 6%| 8| 16%| 5| Camarines Sur| 11| 34%| 4| 23%| 15| 30%| 3| Subic| 11| 34%| 5| 28%| 16| 32%| 2| La Union| 2| 6%| 3| 17%| 5| 10%| 6|Banaue| 1| 3%| 3| 17%| 4| 8%| 7| Table 4. 1 presents the preferred vacation destinations in Luzon of the constituents for a vacation. Among the male constituents, 18 or 56% want to go to Baguio City, 12 or 38% to Camarines Sur and Subic, 10 or 31% to Puerto Galera, 7 or 22% to Tagaytay and Caramoan Peninsula, 2 or 6% to Makati City a nd La Union, and only 1 or 3% want to go to Banaue. Among the female constituents, 8 or 45% want to go to Baguio City, 5 or 28% to Tagaytay and Subic, 4 or 23% to Puerto Princesa and Camarines Sur, 3 or 17% to La Union and Banaue, 2 or 12% to Puerto Galera and 1 or 6% to Caramoan Peninsula.As a whole, 52% of the constituents want to go to Baguio City for a vacation, 32% to Puerto Princesa and Subic, 30% to Camarines Sur, 24% to Puerto Galera and Tagaytay, 16% to Caramoan Peninsula, 10% to La Union, 8% to Banaue and only 4% want to go to Makati City for vacation. Subproblem 4. 2in Visayas? Table 4. 2 Vacation Destinations of the Constituents in Visayas Visayas| Male| %| Female| %| Total| %| Rank | Aklan| 3| 9%| 2| 12%| 5| 10%| 4| Boracay| 25| 78%| 8| 45%| 33| 66%| 1| Bohol| 5| 16%| 7| 39%| 12| 24%| 2| Guimaras Island| 4| 13%| 1| 6%| 5| 10%| 4|Cebu City| 7| 22%| 5| 28%| 12| 24%| 2| Antique| 3| 9%| 1| 6%| 4| 8%| 5| Bacolod City| 5| 16%| 1| 6%| 6| 12%| 3| Valencia, Negros Oriental| 0| 1 0%| 0| 0%| 0| 0%| 8| Tacloban City| 1| 3%| 0| 0%| 1| 2%| 7| Iloilo City| 2| 6%| 0| 0%| 2| 4%| 6| Table 4. 2 presents the preferred vacation destinations of the constituents in Visayas. Among the male constituents, 25 or 78% want to go to Boracay, 7 or 22% to Cebu City, 5 or 16% to Bohol and Bacolod City, 4 or 13% to Guimaras Island, 3 or 9% to Aklan and Antique, 2 or 6% to Iloilo City, and 1 or 3% want to go to Tacloban City.Among the female constituents, 8 or 45% want to go to Boracay, 7 or 39% to Bohol, 5 or 28% to Cebu City, 2 or 12% to Aklan, and 1 or 6% want to go to Guimaras Island, Antique, and Bacolod City. As a whole, 66% of the constituents want to go to Boracay for a vacation, 24% to Bohol and Cebu City, 12% to Bacolod City, 10% to Aklan and Guimaras Island, 8% to Antique, 4% to Iloilo City, and 2% to Tacloban City. Subproblem 4. 3in Mindanao? Table 4. 3 Vacation Destinations of the Constituents in MindanaoMindanao| Male| %| Female| %| Total| %| Rank| Camiguin Island| 7| 22%| 4| 23%| 11| 22%| 1| Compostella Valley| 1| 3%| 2| 12%| 3| 6%| 7| Davao| 6| 19%| 5| 28%| 11| 22%| 1| Dinagat Island| 4| 13%| 1| 6%| 5| 10%| 5| Zamboanga| 6| 19%| 1| 6%| 7| 14%| 3| Butuan City| 1| 3%| 1| 6%| 2| 4%| 8| Dipolog City| 4| 13%| 2| 12%| 6| 12%| 4| Koronadal City| 2| 6%| 2| 12%| 4| 8%| 6| Bucas Grande Island| 5| 16%| 2| 12%| 7| 14%| 3| Tawi-tawi| 6| 19%| 4| 23%| 10| 20%| 2| Table 4. 3 presents the preferred vacation destinations of the constituents in Mindanao.Among the male constituents, 7 or 22% want to go to Camiguin Island for a vacation, 6 or 19% to Davao, Tawi-tawi, and Zamboanga, 5 or 16% to Bucas Grande Islands, 4 or 13% to Dinagat Island and Dipolog City, 2 or 6% to Koronadal City and 1 or 3% to Compostella Valley and Butuan City. Among the female constituents, 5 or 28% want to go to Davao, 4 or 23% to Camiguin Island and Tawi-tawi, 2 or 12% to Compostella Valley, Dipolog City, Koronadal City, and Bucas Grande Islands, and 1 or 6% want to go to Dinagat Island, Zamboanga, and Butuan City.As a whole, 22% of the constituents want to go to Camiguin Island and Davao for a vacation, 20% to Tawi-tawi, 14% to Zamboanga and Bucas Grande Islands, 12% to Dipolog City, 10% to Dinagat Island, 8% to Koronadal City, 6% to Compostella Valley and 4% want to go to Butuan City. CHAPTER 3: Summary of Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations The purpose of this study was to know the most preferable vacation destinations here in the Philippines mainly, in Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao for the constituents of a particular barangay and their plans regarding on visit to the place.Using the Descriptive method, particularly the use of a checklist for the survey, the researcher gathered data from the 50 constituents of Barangay 502 Sampaloc, Manila. The data were quantified using percentage. Summary of Findings Based on the analysis and interpretation of data gathered, the findings are: Subproblem 1Type of Place * 74% wanted Beach as a type of vacation place * 10% preferred to go to Amusement Parks and Forests * 8% chose Landmarks and Mountains as vacation place Subproblem 2Companion * 56% preferred to go with family * 20% liked to go with special friend 18% wanted to go with friends * 10% just wanted to go alone Subproblem 3Amount to Spend * 44% were willing to spend P12,000-P20,000 * 20% were willing to spend an amount of P1,000-P3500 and P7,000-P12,000 * 12% were willing to spend P3,500-P7,000 Subproblem 4. 1Places in Luzon * 52% desired to go to Baguio City * 32% desired Puerto Princesa and Subic as a vacation place * 30% desired Camarines Sur as a vacation place * 24% desired Puerto Galera and Tagaytay as a vacation place * 16% desired Caramoan Peninsula as a vacation place 10% desired La Union as a vacation place * 8% desired Banaue as a vacation place * 4% desired Makati City as a vacation place Subproblem 4. 2Places in Visayas * 66% wanted to go to Boracay * 24% wanted Bohol and Cebu City as a vacation place * 12% wanted Bacolod City as a vacation place * 10% wanted Aklan and Guimaras Island as a vacation place * 8% wanted Antique as a vacation place * 4% wanted Iloilo City as a vacation place * 2% wanted Tacloban City as a vacation place Subproblem 4. 3Places in Mindanao * 22% liked to go to Camiguin Island and Davao 20% liked Tawi-tawi as a vacation place * 14% liked Zamboanga and Bucas Grande Islands as a vacation place * 12% liked Dipolog City as a vacation place * 10% liked Dinagat Island as a vacation place * 8% liked Koronadal City as a vacation place * 6% liked Compostella Valley as a vacation place * 4% liked Butuan City as a vacation place Conclusions Based on the findings, the researcher arrived at these conclusions: 1. Type of place of the constituents for a vacation Majority of the constituents prefer the Beach for the type of vacation place. 2.Companion of the constituents for a vacation Majority of the constituents are going to a vacation with their families. 3. Amount of money the constituents wi lling to spend for a vacation Majority of the constituents are willing to spend an amount of P12,000-P20,000 for a vacation. 4. Vacation destinations here in the Philippines that the constituents want to visit. 5. 1 Luzon Majority of the constituents prefer to visit Baguio City for a vacation in Luzon. 5. 2 Visayas Majority of the constituents prefer to visit Boracay for a vacation in Visayas. 5. 3 MindanaoMajority of the constituents prefer to visit Camiguin Island and Davao for a vacation in Mindanao. Recommendations Based on the conclusions, the researcher endorses some ways to make the constituents enjoy and make their vacation as a memorable and an unforgettable experience of their lives. 1. In able to enjoy the vacation of the constituents, they must set aside first their problems and make the best things they could do to the place where they are taking vacation. This will surely make everyone on the vacation stress-free and free themselves from the things bothering them. 2. C herish every moment of the vacation.These moments will surely make the constituents smile every time they remember the happenings and experiences they had on that vacation. 3. Enjoy the place. The view, the people, and the amenities that can be seen on the place. These things will definitely fulfill the enjoyment and make the vacation one of a kind. 4. Know the culture, the dialect, and the people of the place. These will give an extra-ordinary experience and additional knowledge for the constituents from the place of vacation. 5. Make the vacation as the time of loved ones. Vacation is the best time to have a quality time with the loved ones.

Seperation of Power

The separation of powers essay | Law Teacher Latest Update >> Writing a law dissertation appendix Search site†¦ My Account Order online anytime – Need help? Tel: 0115 966 7966 Like 1. 8k We're the most liked Law Essay Writing Service! ; Home Prices Services Order Guarantees About Us Law Help Law Essay Help Contact Us You are here: Law Teacher  » Constitutional Law  » Essays  » Separation Of Powersessay Translate this Free Law Essays page ? The separation of powers essay Search all our free law essays†¦These essays have been written by students for you to use to help you with your studies. If you need your own custom law essay then we can help†¦. Get a quote for your own law essay†¦ Dissertation Help Select Language Coursework Help Search Share & Download Like 0 Don't Get Ripped Law Study Guides BVC/BPTC Guides Off Print Download LPC Letter Drafting How to avoid Law Cases getting ripped off by other essay writing companies. 0 Email Law Essay Areas Find out more Helpful Law Info ‘The Separation of Powers, as usually understood, is not a concept to which the United Kingdom constitution adheres. Discuss This essay aims to examine the reasons for and why it is important to have a separation of powers, to examine the United Kingdom's constitution, assessing our somewhat unclear separation of powers, and discussing the reasons why we do not have a strict separation, taking into account the overlaps and relationships between each limb of Government and the checks and balances required for it to operate efficiently. The political doctrine of the Separation of Powers can be traced back to Aristotle, who states: â€Å"There are three elements in each constitution .. irst, the deliberative, which discusses everything of common importance; second the officials; and third, the judicial element. † This highlights the three elementary functions that are required for the organisation of any state. Nowadays, they are defined as the l egislature, the executive and the judiciary, and are carried out by Government. The legislature is the law-making body, and is comprised of the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The legislative function involves ‘the enactment of general rules determining the structure and powers of public authorities and regulating the conduct of citizens and private organisations.Australian Law Resources Free Australian law resources to help you with your studies! Find out more Need A Law Essay Quote? Use our online calculator to get an instant quote online for your law essay. Find out more Not studying law but still need writing help? http://www. lawteacher. net/constitutional-law/essays/separation-of-powersessay. php[20-03-2013 01:11:41 PM] The separation of powers essay | Law Teacher The executive is all the institutions and persons concerned with the implementation of the laws made by the legislature.It involves central and local government and the armed forces. The role of the ex ecutive ‘.. includes initiating and implementing legislation, maintaining order and security, promoting social and economic welfare, administering public services and conducting the external relations of the state. The judiciary is made up mainly of professional judges, and their main function is ‘to determine disputed questions of fact and law in accordance with the law laid down by Parliament and expounded by the courts and .. is exercised mainly in the civil and criminal courts. The question which now arises is whether or not there should be a strict separation of each of the above functions. Locke stated: .. it may be too great a temptation to human frailty.. for the same persons who have the power of making laws, to have also their hands the power to execute them, whereby they may exempt themselves from obedience to the laws they make, and suit the law, both in its making and execution, to their own private advantage. We can also help you with essay writing in other areas of study†¦ Find out more Law Essay Writing ServiceFind out how our custom law essay writing service can help you get the grade you deserve. Find out more Similarly, Montesquieu believed that: When legislative power is united with executive power in a single person or in a single body of the magistracy, there is no liberty #46; is there liberty if the power of judging is not separate from the legislative power and from the executive power. If it were joined to legislative power, the power over the life and liberty of the citizens would be arbitrary, for the judge would be the legislator.If it were joined to executive power, the judge could have the force of an oppressor. All would be lost if the same man or the same body of principal men, either of nobles, or of the people, exercised these three powers: that of making the laws, that of executing public resolutions, and that of judging the crimes or the disputes of individuals. These statements illustrate that both academi cs felt if one, or a group of persons, controlled more than one limb, the result would inevitably be corruption and an abuse of power.Tyranny and dictatorship would ensue and this, in turn, would mean a loss of liberty for the people. However, although each emphasise the importance of a strict separation, it can be seen that in the UK, this is not the case. Parpworth states: ‘a separation of powers is not, and has never been a feature of the UK constitution. An examination of the three powers reveals that in practice they are often exercised by persons which exercise more than one such power. ‘ Why is this so? Why is there not a strict separation? Saunders explains that: ‘.. very constitutional system that purports to be based on a separation of powers in fact provides, deliberately, for a system of checks and balances under which each institution impinges upon another and in turn is impinged upon. ‘ If there was a strict separation, and we did not have overl aps or checks and balances, our system of Government would become unmoveable. A lack of cooperation between limbs would result in constitutional deadlock and therefore, ‘.. complete separation of powers is possible neither in theory nor in practice. There are numerous examples of overlap and checks and balances between the three functions of government, and these shall now be explored. The main instance of overlap, in recent years, was the position of Lord Chancellor. This role has been continually citied to support the view that there is no separation of powers in the United Kingdom. Historically, the position of Lord Chancellor was distinctive in that he was a http://www. lawteacher. net/constitutional-law/essays/separation-of-powersessay. hp[20-03-2013 01:11:41 PM] The separation of powers essay | Law Teacher member of all three branches of Government and exercised all three forms of power. He would sit as speaker in the House of Lords (legislative function), was head of th e judiciary (judicial function), and was a senior cabinet minister (executive function). After the Human Rights Act 1998 and the case of McGonnell v UK (2000) , the Government announced changes to the role of Lord Chancellor in the UK. In McGonnell, the European Court of Human Rights eld that the Royal Court Bailiff of Guernsey had too close a connection between his judicial functions and his legislative and executive roles and as a result did not have the independence and impartiality required by Article 6(1) of the European Convention on Human Rights 1950. This had implications on the Lord Chancellors role, as he performed very similar functions in the UK. It was after this that the Government enacted the Constitutional Reform Act 2005, which meant that the Chancellor was replaced as head of the judiciary by the Lord Chief Justice .He was replaced as speaker in the House of Lords by the creation of the post of Lord Speaker , and now only appoints judges on the basis of recommendat ion from a Judicial Appointments Commission . These changes show that there is a strong importance still placed upon the doctrine of separation of powers. However it is still possible to see overlaps within the three limbs. Examining the relationship between the legislature and the executive Bagehot stated that there was a close union and nearly complete fusion of these powers.This notion had been criticised, particularly by Amery, who wrote that: Government and Parliament, however intertwined and harmonized, are still separate and independent entities, fulfilling the two distinct functions of leadership direction and command on the one hand, and of critical discussion and examination on the other. They start from separate historical origins, and each is perpetuated in accordance with its own methods and has its own continuity. So let us examine this relationship. Firstly, the question to ask is whether the same persons form part of both the legislature and executive.It can be seen that ministers are members of one House of Parliament, but there are limitations as to how many ministers can sit in the House of Commons. As well as this, most people within the executive are disqualified from the Commons. These include those in the armed forces and police and holders of public offices. So it can be seen from this that it is ‘only ministers who exercise a dual role as key figures in both Parliament and the executive. ‘ The second question is whether the legislature controls the executive or visa versa. The legislature has, in theory, ultimate control as it is the supreme law making body in this country.However in reality, the executive can be seen to dominate the legislature. Government ministers direct the activities of central government department and have a majority in the House of Commons. Lord Halisham, the former Lord Chancellor, has referred to the executive as an elective dictatorship. He means Parliament is dominated by the Government of the d ay. Elective dictatorship refers to the fact that the legislative programme of Parliament is determined by the government, and government bills virtually always pass the House of Commons because of the nature of the governing party's majority.However, the legislature has opportunities to scrutinise the executive, and does so during question time, debates and by use of committees. The final question in this area is whether or not the legislature and executive exercise each other's functions. It can be seen that the executive performs legislative functions in respect of delegated legislation. Parliament does not have enough time to make all laws and so delegates its power. This is ‘convenient to the executive that ministers and local authorities and departments can implement primary legislation by making regulations. However effective parliamentary procedures exist that scrutinise the use made of delegated power which will be discussed below. http://www. lawteacher. net/constitu tional-law/essays/separation-of-powersessay. php[20-03-2013 01:11:41 PM] The separation of powers essay | Law Teacher The next relationship to be examined is that of the executive and the judiciary, and again, the questions we ask are similar. Firstly, do the same persons form part of the executive and the judiciary? Originally, the executive had the power to appoint judges and the Lord Chancellor sat in the House of Lords.However, following the Constitutional Reform Act 2005, as discussed above, the executive has less control. Judges are now appointed by the Judicial Appointments Committee. The second question is whether the executive control the judiciary or do the judiciary control the executive. Judicial independence is controlled by law. Since the Act of Settlement 1700, superior judges can only be dismissed by an address from both Houses of Parliament. But the judiciary do exercise some control over the executive. This is via judicial review. Bradley and Ewing state that this is an ‘essential function to protect the citizen against unlawful acts of overnment agencies and officials'. It involves the courts determining the lawfulness of executive power and is principally concerned with the legality of the decision-making process when delegated legislation is created. This demonstrates a definitive crossover between the judiciary and executive. However, some public bodies are exempt. For example, in R v Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards, ex parte Al Fayed (1998) the court of Appeal ruled that the Parliamentary Commissioner for Standards could not be subjected to judicial review.This was largely due to the principles of the separation of powers. The third question is whether or not the executive and judiciary control one another's functions. Once again, overlap can be seen, with the executive exercising a judicial function through the growth of administrative tribunals which adjudicate over disputes involving executive decisions. The final relat ionship to examine is that of the judiciary and legislature, and again, the same questions must be asked. Firstly, do the same persons exercise legislative and judicial functions?To honor the separation of powers, the House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 provides that all full time members of the judiciary are barred from membership of the House of Commons. In previous years, the Law Lords from the House of Lords sat in the upper house of the legislature. As a result they: ‘took part, to a limited extent, in legislative business. ‘ However, since the Constitutional Reform Act 2005, they no longer execute legislative functions due to the newly created Supreme Court, which is separate from the House of Lords.Secondly, does the legislature control the judiciary or does the judiciary control the legislature. It is a constitutional convention that MP's should respect judicial independence and not comment on the activities of judges unless there is motion to dismiss a su perior judge. Judges, although they may examine acts of the executive to make sure they conform with the law, cannot review the validity of legislation passed by the legislature due to the doctrine of legislative supremacy. They are under a duty to apply and interpret the laws enacted by Parliament.If a Parliamentary Act is in breach of the European Convention on Human Rights, then, under the Human Rights Act 1998, judges in superior courts can make a declaration of incompatibility. However this does not mean the act is not valid, because, again honoring the separation on powers; only the Parliament can make or unmake law. The final question is whether the legislature and judiciary exercise each other's functions. ‘Each House of Parliament has the power to enforce its own privileges and to punish those who offend against them'. This once again is an example of overlap.The judiciary, when developing the common law, interpret statutes and delegated legislation. Thus, Bradley and Ewing describe them to have a quasi legislative function. They have a narrow ability to legislate, but their ‘decisions are important as a source of law on matters where the Government is unwilling to ask Parliament to legislate, and .. directly affect the formal relationship between the judiciary and Parliament. ‘ In conclusion, it can be seen there are definite relationships between each limb of government, and this shows that the separation of powers is not a concept to which the United Kingdom fully adheres.However, the view of the courts is one of absolute separation. ‘.. it is a feature of the peculiarly British conception of the separation of powers that Parliament, the executive and the courts have their distinct and largely exclusive domain. ‘ Whilst the courts remain of this view, and whilst the three limbs, although they overlap in many ways, remain distinct and largely separate, we can say there is at least a partial separation of powers in the U K.And rightly, as Parpworth points out: ‘an absolute separation would in practice be counterproductive in that it would prevent the abuse of power by preventing the exercise of power. Government could not operate if this were the case. ‘ The recent changes to the constitution as a result of the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 prove that the concept is still firmly believed in, and while not always respected, it remains something the Munro states should not be ‘lightly dismissed'. http://www. lawteacher. net/constitutional-law/essays/separation-of-powersessay. hp[20-03-2013 01:11:41 PM] The separation of powers essay | Law Teacher How do you rate the quality of the essay above? Good Neutral Poor ORDER YOUR OWN LAW ESSAY GET A LAW ESSAY QUOTE Request the removal of this law essay http://www. lawteacher. net/constitutional-law/essays/separation-of-powersessay. php like http://www. facebook. com/LawTeacherNet AVomUz8N 0 Like 1. 8k 960 readers Get a quote Order now! 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