Research Paper on Polio

This papers is the short summarize on the infection Polio and how WHO and GPEI are moving in the direction of getting along the universe childish loss of motion free. This other than remembers for the Epidemiology and History on PolioTable of Contentss Etiology of Diseases The study of disease transmission History and Time period improvement Natural/Evolution hypothetical record or political monetary framework hypothetical record Clinical and Social Awareness to thwart infection Commitment by Medical Anthropological into advancement Choice Plants CitedEtiology of DiseasesPolio infection started with Ancient Egyptian thus it was found among numerous individuals all through the universe. It is difficult to state where it began or where was it root. Anyway we can express its root are simply present in 4 states by 2014 and out universe will be Polio Free universe. Reason for juvenile loss of motion can be diverse that from HIV, puerile loss of motion is caused because of utilization of debased H2O and supplement. Other than the significant spread of this infection is caused in view of the sullied stool. People groups were before extremely simple on using disturbing supplement or guzzle any H2O. Other than this infection is incredibly infectious and this scattered quickly among individuals to individuals. This infection influences the cardinal sensory system along these lines doing the casualty deadened [ 1 ] .EpidemiologyPolio has cause many occupation through the universe. Numerous children experienced significant paralysis and their life got debilitated. Specialists and Research laborers had being their work on 1930 and they concentrated on taking childish loss of motion from the universe. They started demonstrating vaccinum and in this manner got fruitful. It was in 1988, the World Health Organization took and debut and received an assault to take out polio around the world. It shaped a gathering called Global Polio Eradication Initiative ( GPEI ) , who was financed by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [ 2 ] . All inclusive each state took dynamic segment in the GPEI plan. They made cognizance among individuals for the interest of the vaccinum. WHO of many segment began this venture, by 1988 where an expected figure of casualty were 350,000 in around 215 districts is brought down to just 4 states to 406 examples in 2013 [ 3 ] . This is incredible improvement for the life of individuals. It is accepted that 10 million individuals strolling today would hold been loss of motion if this cure was non found, alongside that the figure of kid perish would hold been 1.5 million.History and Time period developmentIt is accepted that first polio knowledge was made perceptive at Rutland Country, Vermont, United States of America in 1894. There was a doctor who saw paralysis among individuals. He other than noticed that puerile loss of motion could be caused without or with paralysis. He other than said â€Å"The segment of contagium does non come in into the etiology either. I find yet an individual case in which more than one individual from a family unit had the illness, and as it typically happened in families of more than one child and as no endeavors were made at separation, it is actually sure that it was non-contagious.† [ 4 ] â€Charles Caverly, MD, Infantile Paralysis in Vermont There were around 132 examples detailed, a large portion of them were enduring paralysis. Other than in this picture you can see a child with left leg being incapacitated [ 5 ] . This was result of juvenile loss of motion. Other than the Doctor found in 1905 that this sickness is infectious and hence can be caused with drawing closer in contact with another person. Be that as it may, it is other than accepted that Polio was available way before the nineteenth century. We realize that Egyptian were the first to mind on rock. People groups have discovered one stone where the individual is indicated paralysis on his leg [ 6 ] . Since start of nineteenth century, there has been incredible occurrence go oning and many exploration laborer and doctor have analyzed paralysis examples bespeaking it being come about because of puerile loss of motion [ 7 ] . It is determined that in excess of 2000 individuals kicked the bucket in solitary New York City in 1916 in light of puerile loss of motion. This turned into a significant worry for individuals. It is assessed that 2.5 at least billion children have been the casualty of this illnesses by 1988. Path in 1930 and A ; 1950 the work for the Vacancies had started and the doctors began doing opening which can bring around this ailments. It is in this manner evaluated that by 2006 just 4 states had the nearness of puerile loss of motion. What's more, exact and program run are taking topographic point to make cognizance and hence the strategic take juvenile loss of motion is going to be satisfied. US of America was the principal state who was effective in disposing of puerile loss of motion infection completely 1994 [ 8 ] .Ecological/Evolution hypothetical record or political financial framework hypothetical accountWe all know with regards to the political development, our pioneers can head out to any stretch out so as to gain the polling forms. The Tuskegee organization was opened and established by the March of dimes during the age of 1941. The middle was initially setting up for the puerile loss of motion subsisters and government officials have played extremely huge capacity in it. Franklin Roosevelt had established this restoration in the 1920, preceding he became president and he said without anyone else that this recovery community will just allow Whites to individuals. Isolation at warm spring in region of Georgia turned into a start of political concern when Roosevelt chief ran for the president for the re-appointment in the 1936. Roosevelt Franklin utilized warm spri ng as his boss topographic point or you can as his own retreat community, individuals who were against him in that nation were stop with the consideration of childish loss of motion that was given by the restoration place. Especially inkinesss were the most who were influenced by this demonstration. Yet, there were bits of gossip about the president that he was other than influenced by this malady called the childish loss of motion where he was dependent on the medications and explicitly inept and required hetero coat all the clasp. On the different manus President Roosevelt only needs to determine more voting forms. So as to take note of the Democratic Party, while the Republicans were guaranteeing that Democratic Party isn’t unmistakable to the inkinesss.Medical and Social Awareness to thwart malady Clinical and Science have worked really hard to do this conceivable. WHO with help of Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation have made numerous positive rushes to take the childish loss of motion. Indeed, even numerous states like India have Polio Sunday where the children are sans given vaccinum of puerile loss of motion. This way teaching individuals encourages them to comprehend the interest of working and battling hard to take this infection else their life would be hard.Contribution by Medical Anthropological into developmentMedical Anthropological is cardinal thing into any exploration. For juvenile loss of motion it had helped actually enormously. At an opportune time in 1930, doctors had discovered the vaccinum for the ailment by and by it was non so adequate, in certainty it had some reactions [ 9 ] . The best vaccinum is which has no side result to human natural structure and it accomplishes the work for the goal. Subsequently doctors began happening increasingly inside informations about what is the malady and how is it scattered. So larning about universes and they examining the type of the existence way is a bit of Medical Anthropology. With this they infact discovered there are three kinds of juvenile loss of motion infection. The most risky wild infection is Virus B. Also, with this overview only they could happen the correct vaccinum for the cure of the malady. Other than the infectious maladies nature of the illness is result of this review only. Clinical Anthropological in this way has ever incredibly served to the advancement of the vaccinum and it has other than helped the logical order from numerous points of view. Without understanding the types of the existence way of individuals it extremely difficult to reason on what could hold truly caused the malady and in this manner happening the solution for it.DecisionPolio was truly dangerousdiseases. Numerous individuals have endured because of this ailment. We ought to be significantly thankful to World Health Organization and their undertaking on GPEI, which has reducing the per centum of juvenile loss of motion to 99 % . Before long it will fall in the rundown of ailment like Small Pox what happening's identity is zero in universes.Plants Cited( 1916, 6 17 ) . Recovered April 20, 2014, from New York City Polio Epidemic: hypertext move convention:/www.historyofvaccines.org/content/timetables/polio First U.S. Polio Epidemic. ( n.d. ) . Recovered April 20, 2014, from hypertext move convention:/www.historyofvaccines.org/content/courses of events/polio History of childish loss of motion. ( n.d. ) . Recovered April 20, 2014, from hypertext move convention:/www.polioeradication.org/Polioandprevention/Historyofpolio.aspx History of Polio. ( n.d. ) . Recovered April 20, 2014, from hypertext move convention:/www.historyofvaccines.org/content/courses of events/polio Poliomyelitis. ( n.d. ) . Recovered April 27, 2014, from hypertext move convention:/chealth.canoe.ca/condition_info_details.asp? disease_id=314 Poliomyelitis. ( n.d. ) . Recovered April 21, 2014, from hypertext move convention:/www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs114/en/ Human sciences Research Paper on Polio †AmandeepRakkar

SAT and ACT Test Date Choice Is the Next Date Best

SAT and ACT Test Date Choice Is the Next Date Best SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Uncertain about whether it’s a smart thought to enlist for the following SAT or ACT test date? You ought to consider how often you've stepped through the examination previously, how bustling your timetable is at this moment, and the amount you've arranged for the test before settling on a choice. We'll clarify why. Here are a couple of inquiries you have to pose to yourself before pursuing the following date. Have You Taken the SAT or ACT Before? Regardless of whether it's your first or fourth time stepping through the exam, you should contemplate when you join with the goal that you're benefiting as much as possible from your time and enlistment fees.It's critical to augment the utility of each test meeting and give yourself enough opportunities to improve before you send in school applications. First Time Test Takers We suggest taking the SAT or ACT just because during your lesser fall.If it's your lesser year and the following test date is the September ACT or October SAT (the main fall testing dates), it’s a smart thought to pursue that date. When in doubt, if you’re a rising junior or more seasoned and haven’t taken either test yet, you should focus on the following test date. On the off chance that you’re still a sophomore, it’s fine to hold up until the start of your lesser year to begin stepping through the examinations. You'll have all that anyone could need opportunities to enhance your scores later on the off chance that you start there. In any case, ensure you prep before your first test date! Frequently, requesting the Question-and-Answer Service for the SAT is a smart thought if it’s your first time stepping through the exam. TheQuestion-and-Answer Service furnishes you with a duplicate of your test booklet just as a breakdown of the kinds of inquiries, their trouble levels, and your answers versus the right answers. The ACT additionally offers a comparative help called the Test Information Release. These materials can be helpful for examining on the off chance that you are anticipating taking the SAT or ACT once more. I notice this in light of the fact that the Question-and-Answer Service is just accessible with October, January, and May SAT testing dates; and the Test Information Release is just accessible with December, April, and June ACT testing dates. This is another factor you should seriously mull over in choosing whether the following test date is best for you. As this perspective shot illustrates, you can likewise pick your first test date by pummeling your face into a schedule aimlessly and seeing which test date is nearest to your eye. Rehash Test Takers On the off chance that you’ve effectively taken either of the tests, it's occasionally hard to choose when to pursue them again.The next date won’t fundamentally be the best one.It's critical to consider how frequently you have just stepped through the examination and how much time you have left before application cutoff times for schools and grants. Junior Year It very well may be a smart thought to take the SAT or ACT again after winter break your lesser year on the off chance that you just stepped through an examination in the fall. Be that as it may, on the off chance that you believe you haven’t made huge considering gains between the fall test and winter test, it may be smarter to hold up until spring. Go for both in the event that you feel certain your capacities have improved each time, yet don’t burn through cash and time on a repetitive test meeting. Senior Year This is when school application and grant cutoff times truly come into play.If you’re as yet wanting to take the SAT or ACT again after your lesser year, it’s most secure to accept the test as ahead of schedule as conceivable in senior fall.This leaves you more opportunity to chip away at school applications later. It additionally implies you'll have the option to present your scores with Early Decision applications, which generally acknowledge November test scores (at the most recent - check with your schools!). As we'll find in the following segment, the main explanation the following test date probably won't be best during your senior year is if you’re particularly occupied and worried at that time.Otherwise, put it all on the line! Do You Have a Lot of Other Commitments Right Now? In the event that the idea of stepping through the exam now overpowers you, you ought to consider holding up until you feel less focused. Junior year can be scholastically requesting, and it’s difficult to fit in government sanctioned testing nearby those expectations.Junior year is likewise not as disparaging of an opportunity to step through the examination since you aren’t stressed over application cutoff times yet, so you shouldn’t put an excessive amount of focus on yourself. Not every person can or should step through three normalized examinations during their lesser year.Decide what's agreeable and down to earth for you. That being stated, in the event that you can't deal with the following test date, attempt to go for the one after that. You'll express gratitude toward yourself later on the off chance that you end up not stepping through the examination again as a senior. Senior year is generally really upsetting regarding exploring school applications and keep going possibilities on government sanctioned tests.This is the reason it’s better to accept state sanctioned tests as right on time as conceivable in senior fall - this is when there will be minimal weight from your different duties identified with school. Know about your cutoff times and evade test dates that may correspond with other high weight scenarios.The last thing you need is to be diverted by on edge contemplations about different things while you’re attempting to step through an examination. Is this you? Try not to step through the examination again until you have all your tennis racquets leveled out. Is it accurate to say that you are Prepared? This may appear glaringly evident, yet it’s regularly enticing to pursue the following test date just to get it off the beaten path (particularly if you’re a restless individual like me!).Make sure every test you take is beneficial and that you have a decent taken shots at improving your scores each time. The main time you shouldn’t stress a lot over planning as a factor is in case you're stepping through the examination just because or seeking after a slight enhancement for your past scores (0-50 SAT focuses, 0-1 ACT focuses). In case you're applying to class that superscores the SAT or ACT (which means they take your best score ever for each area and arrange them into one heavenly SUPERSCORE), you may likewise step through the exam again absent a lot of planning since you simply need to improve one of your segment scores a smidgen. In any case, in the event that you despite everything have far to go before your scores are done to summon, you should ensure you are concentrating before each test date. You need to be in a position where you are improving reliably every time you take the SAT or ACT. In any case you’re worrying yourself, spending an excessive amount of cash on enlistment, and giving up your Saturdays to the Testing Gods. In the event that you haven’t concentrated between the last time you stepped through the examination and the following up and coming date, you ought to either reevaluate enlisting or make a speedy report plan that you’ll execute in the couple of weeks you have left before the test. Indeed, even only a couple of long periods of centered examining can have any kind of effect! What's Next? Still uncertain about whether you should step through the exam once more? Utilize this three stage procedure to discover. Additionally look at these articles detailinghow commonly you should take the SATand the ACT. On the off chance that you need more assets to assist you with picking a date, here are a couple more top to bottom aides for senior year and simply picking test dates by and large. For more guidance on the most proficient method to structure your contemplating, investigate our total examination plans for the SAT and ACT. Need to improve your SAT score by 240 or your ACT score by 4 points?We've composed a guide for each test about the best 5 methodologies you should use to have a taken shots at improving your score. Download it with the expectation of complimentary at this point:

How to Deliver Effective Client Presentations with Mind Maps

How to Deliver Effective Client Presentations with Mind Maps If you’re looking to conduct more effective client presentations, it’s time to ditch those bland PowerPoint slides in favor of a more engaging presentation format: digital mind maps. Mind maps help you present information in a format that’s both engaging and easy to understand. In all industries, consultants use mind maps to deliver effective presentations and provide their clients with an intuitive channel of communication that runs both ways. The Benefits of Using Mind Maps for Client Presentations Many of our customers here at MindMeister use our digital mind mapping tool to deliver effective client presentations. They cite a variety of benefits: According to transportation and technology consulting firm Milligan Partners, “We often work with executives and department headsâ€"people who simply don’t have time for endless slideshows and 50-page documents.” Using mind map presentations, the company is able to deliver the strategies they’ve prepared for clients at a glance. (Read the full case study.) According to financial planning firm IRONSHIELD, “In our business, we often deal with rather complex financial issues and strategies which can be difficult to communicate. Mind maps allow us to deliver this information in a way our clients can consume very easily. After a presentation with MindMeister, people often come up to me and tell me how engaging it was.” (Read the full case study.) Financial consulting and investment advisory services company Coyle Asset Management uses mind maps to help their clients understand “their very complex financial lives. Our clients now have a one-page roadmap. Spreadsheets, reports, statements, tax returns, and legal documents, formerly a stupefying and overflowing old file drawer of documents, now organized and reduced to just one page!” (Read the full case study.) So as you can see, mind map client presentations are not only more effective and engaging, they’re also simpler. They make it easy for clients to understand large amounts of information by condensing that data into an accessible, visual, one-page resource. Here’s a quick overview of what you can do with MindMeister: Visualize your whole presentation on one single page. Attach documents, graphics, links, and notes to individual topics. Invite clients via email or link to collaborate with youâ€"it’s like Google Docs, only visual! Zoom and pan to relevant areas of your map during the presentation. Easily update the map during subsequent client meetings. Build your first mind map presentation Types of Mind Map Client Presentations There are essentially three different types of client presentations, and each type requires a different kind of preparation and delivery: Prepare a complete map upfront and present it to your client. Bring a mind map template to the meeting and collaboratively fill it out with your client. Start with a blank canvas and create the entire mind map right in front of your client. Lets take a closer look at each of those use cases: 1. Presenting a ready-made mind map to clients Preparing your entire mind map presentation in advance makes sense if you’re speaking in front of a bigger audience and don’t need or want anybody’s input while you deliver the presentation. It’s a great way to introduce yourself and your company, explain the consultancy services you offer, or present reports to your clients. The benefit of this approach is that you can invest as much time as you need/want structuring it, filling it with information, adding attractive visuals andâ€"if you wantâ€"using MindMeister’s presentation mode to zoom and pan to relevant areas of the map. How to create a mind map presentation Start with a new, blank mind map in MindMeister and write the subject of your presentation in the center of the map. Create a new branch for each topic you will be covering in your presentation. Start at about one o’clock with the first topic, then keep going clockwise around the center. This is how mind maps are generally read. Be sure to use keywords or short phrases for the topics in your map. You can store additional information in the notes section of each topic. This way you can add lots of details without cluttering up the map. When the basic structure of your presentation is prepared, start adding subtopics to each of the branches you’ve created. Again, try to stick to keywords whenever possible to preserve the great overview the mind map provides. You can also use images to add extra information to a topic and to make it more memorable. Now its time to improve the look of your mind map. You can: Change the theme of the map (e.g. to fit with your company’s branding). Emphasize and highlight topics using different font sizes and colors. Add images (upload from your computer, paste directly from the web, etc.). Add icons (MindMeister offers a huge icon library). Visualize connections between branches using arrows. When your mind map is complete, you can present it right inside the mind map editor. If you don’t want to distract your audience with all the buttons and features, just press CMD+ALT+F to switch to full-screen mode. You can also use the + and keys to manually zoom in and out of the mapâ€"and move around by clicking onto the canvas and moving the cursor. Using presentation mode MindMeister’s presentation mode lets you turn your mind map into a dynamic slideshow that’s comparable to a PowerPoint presentation. The big difference between a slideshow created in MindMeister and one created in PowerPoint is that you’re still able to show how individual topics are connected, as well as showing the entire mind map at key points during your presentation. Seeing how everything is related to each other is essential in helping your audience understand and remember the information more easily. To enter MindMeister’s presentation mode, just click on the presentation icon in the footer of the map editor. To create slides, click-drag your cursor over the different areas of your map while keeping the CMD key (or CTRL key) pressed. Then, right-click on individual slides in the footer to select a different transition. You can choose between pan, slow zoom, fast zoom, and blur. If you need help creating your slideshow, have a look at our tutorial video in the MindMeister training program. 2. Using a mind map template Bringing a template or partly-finished mind map to a client meeting makes sense if you need to gather information from them in order to devise a concrete strategy. A template or partly-finished mind map lets you involve the client actively in the information-gathering process while, at the same time, providing your meeting with structure and ensuring that each piece of information comes up at the right time. How to use mind map templates for client presentations When you’re dealing with rather complex issues and strategies (e.g. in the finance industry), mind maps allow you to deliver this information in a way your clients can consume very easily, especially when you create the map live in front of their eyes. When you meet with a client to present your strategy, bring a map template or a mind map that is about 75% complete. Share the map with the client via email or link, and during the meeting, work together to fill in the details. If you want clients to be able to access and view the map but not edit it, you can give them read-only access in the sharing settings. Let the mind map guide you through your presentation. This automatically ensures that each piece of information comes up at the right time during the meeting. If you’re going to use the same set of templates for each new client, be sure to save those templates in a designated folderâ€"either directly in MindMeister or on Google Drive, for instanceâ€"where your whole team can easily access them. 3. Building a mind map from scratch in front of a live audience Use this method if you need to walk your audience through a complex strategy, making it clear how exactly key points are related. Use this method only if you’re well-prepared and are sure that you can (re)create the whole mind map from memory. This method is incredibly engaging and impressive. It helps your audience follow your train of thought like no other method of presentation does. How to start client presentations with a blank canvas If you’re going to create an entire mind map from scratch in front of a live audience, the most important thing is proper preparation. If you want to be convincing, you simply can’t stop in the middle of the map to try and remember what that next branch was you wanted to create. To confidently recreate a mind map from memory, you should have created it multiple times beforeâ€"both on your own and in front of a test audience. The good news is that this isn’t as hard as memorizing a normal text or speech. In fact, mind maps were originally created to help people memorize information more easily. Memorize MindMeister’s most important key shortcuts. This way, you can go into full-screen mode while creating the mind map and even format topics (e.g. making them bold) without distracting your audience with the software’s features and buttons. Get Started on Your First Mind Map Client Presentation Using mind maps to create your client presentations is a flexible approach that allows you to quickly create engaging presentations that are simple for your clients to understand. They’re also flexible, allowing you to use your presentation to present information and collect information as needed. If you’ve used MindMeister with your clients, please share your experiences with us and let us know what your clients thought in the comments below! Originally published in September 2016, this post has been updated with new case studies showing how MindMeister’s customers use mind maps to deliver effective client presentations. Build your first mind map presentation

How to Deliver Effective Client Presentations with Mind Maps

How to Deliver Effective Client Presentations with Mind Maps If you’re looking to conduct more effective client presentations, it’s time to ditch those bland PowerPoint slides in favor of a more engaging presentation format: digital mind maps. Mind maps help you present information in a format that’s both engaging and easy to understand. In all industries, consultants use mind maps to deliver effective presentations and provide their clients with an intuitive channel of communication that runs both ways. The Benefits of Using Mind Maps for Client Presentations Many of our customers here at MindMeister use our digital mind mapping tool to deliver effective client presentations. They cite a variety of benefits: According to transportation and technology consulting firm Milligan Partners, “We often work with executives and department headsâ€"people who simply don’t have time for endless slideshows and 50-page documents.” Using mind map presentations, the company is able to deliver the strategies they’ve prepared for clients at a glance. (Read the full case study.) According to financial planning firm IRONSHIELD, “In our business, we often deal with rather complex financial issues and strategies which can be difficult to communicate. Mind maps allow us to deliver this information in a way our clients can consume very easily. After a presentation with MindMeister, people often come up to me and tell me how engaging it was.” (Read the full case study.) Financial consulting and investment advisory services company Coyle Asset Management uses mind maps to help their clients understand “their very complex financial lives. Our clients now have a one-page roadmap. Spreadsheets, reports, statements, tax returns, and legal documents, formerly a stupefying and overflowing old file drawer of documents, now organized and reduced to just one page!” (Read the full case study.) So as you can see, mind map client presentations are not only more effective and engaging, they’re also simpler. They make it easy for clients to understand large amounts of information by condensing that data into an accessible, visual, one-page resource. Here’s a quick overview of what you can do with MindMeister: Visualize your whole presentation on one single page. Attach documents, graphics, links, and notes to individual topics. Invite clients via email or link to collaborate with youâ€"it’s like Google Docs, only visual! Zoom and pan to relevant areas of your map during the presentation. Easily update the map during subsequent client meetings. Build your first mind map presentation Types of Mind Map Client Presentations There are essentially three different types of client presentations, and each type requires a different kind of preparation and delivery: Prepare a complete map upfront and present it to your client. Bring a mind map template to the meeting and collaboratively fill it out with your client. Start with a blank canvas and create the entire mind map right in front of your client. Lets take a closer look at each of those use cases: 1. Presenting a ready-made mind map to clients Preparing your entire mind map presentation in advance makes sense if you’re speaking in front of a bigger audience and don’t need or want anybody’s input while you deliver the presentation. It’s a great way to introduce yourself and your company, explain the consultancy services you offer, or present reports to your clients. The benefit of this approach is that you can invest as much time as you need/want structuring it, filling it with information, adding attractive visuals andâ€"if you wantâ€"using MindMeister’s presentation mode to zoom and pan to relevant areas of the map. How to create a mind map presentation Start with a new, blank mind map in MindMeister and write the subject of your presentation in the center of the map. Create a new branch for each topic you will be covering in your presentation. Start at about one o’clock with the first topic, then keep going clockwise around the center. This is how mind maps are generally read. Be sure to use keywords or short phrases for the topics in your map. You can store additional information in the notes section of each topic. This way you can add lots of details without cluttering up the map. When the basic structure of your presentation is prepared, start adding subtopics to each of the branches you’ve created. Again, try to stick to keywords whenever possible to preserve the great overview the mind map provides. You can also use images to add extra information to a topic and to make it more memorable. Now its time to improve the look of your mind map. You can: Change the theme of the map (e.g. to fit with your company’s branding). Emphasize and highlight topics using different font sizes and colors. Add images (upload from your computer, paste directly from the web, etc.). Add icons (MindMeister offers a huge icon library). Visualize connections between branches using arrows. When your mind map is complete, you can present it right inside the mind map editor. If you don’t want to distract your audience with all the buttons and features, just press CMD+ALT+F to switch to full-screen mode. You can also use the + and keys to manually zoom in and out of the mapâ€"and move around by clicking onto the canvas and moving the cursor. Using presentation mode MindMeister’s presentation mode lets you turn your mind map into a dynamic slideshow that’s comparable to a PowerPoint presentation. The big difference between a slideshow created in MindMeister and one created in PowerPoint is that you’re still able to show how individual topics are connected, as well as showing the entire mind map at key points during your presentation. Seeing how everything is related to each other is essential in helping your audience understand and remember the information more easily. To enter MindMeister’s presentation mode, just click on the presentation icon in the footer of the map editor. To create slides, click-drag your cursor over the different areas of your map while keeping the CMD key (or CTRL key) pressed. Then, right-click on individual slides in the footer to select a different transition. You can choose between pan, slow zoom, fast zoom, and blur. If you need help creating your slideshow, have a look at our tutorial video in the MindMeister training program. 2. Using a mind map template Bringing a template or partly-finished mind map to a client meeting makes sense if you need to gather information from them in order to devise a concrete strategy. A template or partly-finished mind map lets you involve the client actively in the information-gathering process while, at the same time, providing your meeting with structure and ensuring that each piece of information comes up at the right time. How to use mind map templates for client presentations When you’re dealing with rather complex issues and strategies (e.g. in the finance industry), mind maps allow you to deliver this information in a way your clients can consume very easily, especially when you create the map live in front of their eyes. When you meet with a client to present your strategy, bring a map template or a mind map that is about 75% complete. Share the map with the client via email or link, and during the meeting, work together to fill in the details. If you want clients to be able to access and view the map but not edit it, you can give them read-only access in the sharing settings. Let the mind map guide you through your presentation. This automatically ensures that each piece of information comes up at the right time during the meeting. If you’re going to use the same set of templates for each new client, be sure to save those templates in a designated folderâ€"either directly in MindMeister or on Google Drive, for instanceâ€"where your whole team can easily access them. 3. Building a mind map from scratch in front of a live audience Use this method if you need to walk your audience through a complex strategy, making it clear how exactly key points are related. Use this method only if you’re well-prepared and are sure that you can (re)create the whole mind map from memory. This method is incredibly engaging and impressive. It helps your audience follow your train of thought like no other method of presentation does. How to start client presentations with a blank canvas If you’re going to create an entire mind map from scratch in front of a live audience, the most important thing is proper preparation. If you want to be convincing, you simply can’t stop in the middle of the map to try and remember what that next branch was you wanted to create. To confidently recreate a mind map from memory, you should have created it multiple times beforeâ€"both on your own and in front of a test audience. The good news is that this isn’t as hard as memorizing a normal text or speech. In fact, mind maps were originally created to help people memorize information more easily. Memorize MindMeister’s most important key shortcuts. This way, you can go into full-screen mode while creating the mind map and even format topics (e.g. making them bold) without distracting your audience with the software’s features and buttons. Get Started on Your First Mind Map Client Presentation Using mind maps to create your client presentations is a flexible approach that allows you to quickly create engaging presentations that are simple for your clients to understand. They’re also flexible, allowing you to use your presentation to present information and collect information as needed. If you’ve used MindMeister with your clients, please share your experiences with us and let us know what your clients thought in the comments below! Originally published in September 2016, this post has been updated with new case studies showing how MindMeister’s customers use mind maps to deliver effective client presentations. Build your first mind map presentation

The Expectations Of Nursing School - 1217 Words

Expectations in Nursing School Expectations are defined as something that you believe will happen to you. Before nursing school, I had several expectations. Some of these expectations have shown to be very true while adapting to this new lifestyle. Other expectations have fallen to the waist side and soon were forgotten. At the time, they seemed to be very real. I expected to study, study, and study some more. I wanted the program to be challenging and prepare me to be a nurse. I expected to struggle financially because of having to reduce my days off work. I thought this would give me extra study time and I would make all As on every assignment. I hoped to form study groups to ensure that I would excel in making those grades. But, my most important expectation of myself was to stay organized and ahead on all assignments. I expected this to get me through nursing school. Helping and Problematic Expectations The expectations that are helping the most is staying organized and stay ahead. This helps me get the assignment done in a timely manner, but also allows me have more study time. When I get the assignment done early, it helps me to focus on lecture exam. At this point in nursing school, lecture exams are what I am struggling with the most. I do study a lot, but the exams different from what I have been tested on before. For me, this is a huge adjustment. The most problematic expectations are making all A’s and having plenty of study time. Time is so important. BetweenShow MoreRelatedThe University Of Medicine ( Iom ) Report1452 Words   |  6 PagesThe 2010 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report titled â€Å"The Future of Nursing† discusses the vision for the future of nursing as part of the growing health care force. The outlined vision of practice builds on the fact that nursing has the largest number of members in health care. According to the IOM there are more than 3 million nurses in the United States. As such, the IOM outlined a series of steps in which nurses can take on a greater role. These steps assert 1) nurses should practice to the fullRead MoreNursing Reflective Paper : Nursing1093 Words   |  5 Pages Nursing Interview- Reflective Paper Molly McGuire Lakeview College of Nursing Conducting an interview with someone makes you see things in many different perspectives and in a new light. The person I interviewed saw nursing as a broader term that saw things in a different way even though she has just started. She knows that special people need to take roles in being a nurse. I interviewed my aunt, Ann Juknevicius. She is 30 years old and she has been a nurse for 2 years in Illinois nowRead MoreNursing : Health Cooperation, And Personal Philosophy Of Nursing Care1339 Words   |  6 PagesPhilosophy of Nursing Care Introduction Nursing philosophies are used by many institutions and places of employment. It is important that student nurses and nurses read and gain knowledge from their facilities nursing philosophy. Philosophies give the nurse a guideline of how their facility defines the aspects of nursing and what is expected of them as nurses of that facility. It is essential for nurses to go back after they have graduated from nursing school and reread the nursing philosophy andRead MoreI Am Pursuing Bsn From Empire State College994 Words   |  4 Pagesrefocus my reasons of why I am returning to school and what I will be studying Goals in Pursuing the Bachelor of Science in Nursing I have an Associate Degree in nursing from Queensborough Community College. I had a Bachelor in Environmental Engineering already and I was looking for the fastest and most inexpensive way to become a nurse when I started the nursing program at Queensborough Community College. When I graduated from the nursing school, I thought that ADN would be enough toRead MoreTeaching And Learning Theoretical Framework Essay1694 Words   |  7 PagesFrench moralist, Joseph Joubert. As a teacher I will learn from teaching my students. I will develop a more in depth understand and possibly a view from a different perspective. My philosophy of teaching is written from the perspective of a graduate school student. I have not yet begun my career in academia. I expect my philosophy to develop over the years and change with experience. I pray it does because if it does not, something is terribly wrong. Teaching/Learning Theoretical Framework The TheoreticalRead More High-Fidelity Human Patient Simulation (HPS) Essay examples1106 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Nursing educators use a variety of teaching methods to enhance learning and enable students to better become the skilled practitioners needed in today’s health care environment. One of the newest methodologies is high-fidelity human patient simulation (HPS), a strategy that combines technology with a human body mannequin. Many nursing educators have embraced this type of technology as it offers a means of facilitating cognitive, affective, and psychomotor outcomes. Self-efficacy andRead MoreStakeholders in Nursing Programs Evaluation Process724 Words   |  3 PagesPart 1 Stakeholders on Nursing Programs Evaluation Process First, we must ask who the stakeholders are when it comes to any nursing program. This is a wide universe, for the stakeholders are many. First, of course, we have instructors at the university level, most of whom have been or are practicing professionals. Then there are the administrators of the program who must continually search out money and grants to keep the program going. We then move into the public sector: patients, families, physiciansRead MoreFaculty Stress At The Saudi University767 Words   |  4 Pagesdecision making. Additionally, the Saudi university had no clear-cut criteria for research and publication activities, causing a further imbalance in the work-life priorities. This study was echoed by Zakari (2012) who did a similar study of the nursing faculty at King Saud University and Iqbal and Kokash (2011) who studied faculty satisfaction at the private Prince Sultan University Parveen’s findings would concur with current theories of socialization, including those of Tierney (1988,2008a,2008b)Read MoreNursing a Successful Career Essay1013 Words   |  5 PagesRegistered nursing is among the top 10 occupations with the largest job growth’’ according to The Bureau of Statistics but why? Registered nursing is all over the world. In every hospital you will find many registered nurses because it is a good career to get into. A job industry that will never run out of jobs is the heath industry because everyone in the world needs health care treatment. Students should look into healthcare careers id they want a successful life and career. Registered nursing needRead MoreThe Australian Competency Standards For The Registered Nurse1301 Words   |  6 PagesPage  1 of  5 How would your chosen nurse measure unto the current Australian competency standards for the registered nurse? In the last 200 years the ideas and theories of nursing and nurses in Australia alone has changed dramatically. Strict expectations continue to evolve all over the world as the demand for care of individuals, sick or well increases. This essay will discuss how nurses of the Nightingale era, more specifically how Florence Nightingale herself would measure up against the current

Police Misconduct And Criminal Justice - 923 Words

Introduction Police executives have always had different issues within the police department. Most police executives try to find a quick fix in order to solve the issue of police misconduct. Police misconduct is defined as inappropriate action taken by police officers in relation with their official duties (Police Misconduct Law Legal Definition, n.d.). In order to solve this issue, one must acknowledge their different challenges, overcome the â€Å"code of silence†, and find out the role of organizational culture. Challenges Facing Police Executives There are many challenges facing the police executives in the 21st century, such as civil disorder and criminal prosecution of officers. In recent years there have been quite a few civil disorders. A civil disorder is a situation in which some citizens behave in a way that threatens the wellbeing of other citizens or the peace of a community (Cambridge Dictionaries, 2016). In the past seven years there has been a quite a few civil disorders in the United States, such as the 2016 Donald Trump Chicago rally protest, the 2014 protest in Ferguson, Missouri, and the protests in New York, New York and Berkeley California after a grand jury did not indict a police officer in the death of Eric Garner. Due to the causes of some of these protests, the public have a distrust and lack of confidence in the law and the legal system (Tyler, 2013). As a police executive, one would have to make decisions in hopes not only to not causeShow MoreRelatedPolice Mis conduct And The Criminal Justice System1039 Words   |  5 PagesPolice unethical operations, imposes high cost on police, the criminal justice system, and society. Criminal activity by a police officer undermines the basic integrity of law enforcement and the grounds which the laws were based on. Regardless if an officer takes a small bribe or is involve in a drug trade, the corruption forever change the relationship between communities and the face of justice. . . Unethical Police Operation When a Police Officer abuses his authority, it is called policeRead MoreEthics And Character Analysis Interviews1677 Words   |  7 Pagesproperty. In most cases, however, we hear news of police officer involvement in criminal activities or unethical behavior such as theft, robbery, abuse of authority and excessive coercion. The indication of police using force against suspects and committing crimes does not appear favorable to the public because people have entrusted them for their protection. Therefore, to address and effectively reduce crime, practitioners in the criminal justice system at the federal, state, and local levels mustRead MoreEthical Issues in Criminal Justice Essay647 Words   |  3 Pagesthe Criminal Justice field today. If the police force condoned unethical behavior, there would be very little, if any, justice being served. Official police misconduct is any â€Å"objectionable actions taken by police officers in connection with their official duties, which can lead to a miscarriage of justice†. (wikipedia.com). However, â€Å"police misconduct may include a broader range of misconduct, reflecting the high standards that we expect of police officers. Unlike official misconduct, police misconductRead MorePolice Brutality And The Law Enforcement846 Words   |  4 Pagesbecoming more frequent over the past couple of years. When you hear about these cases of police brutality, how often is it that law enforcement officials are punished for the crime they have perpetrated? Most of the time the law enforcement officials, who are very well in the wrong do not get any kind of punishment whatsoever for the crimes that they have committed and it all comes back to the power that they have. Police brutality cases have been on the rise in the last couple of years where it is notRead MoreDiscretion Within The Criminal Justice Process1667 Words   |  7 PagesDiscretion in policing and the court system is a necessary and unavoidable facet of crim inal justice work, yet it is still very controversial. Discretion exists when courtroom actors (police officers, attorneys, judges) have the flexibility to choose an appropriate response to a situation. Police discretion is defined as â€Å"The opportunity of law enforcement officers to exercise choice in their daily activities† (Nowacki, 2015). This means that actors with a great deal of discretion at their disposalRead MoreThe Canadian Justice System Is Built On The Principal Of The Presumption Of Innocence1707 Words   |  7 PagesThe Canadian Justice System is built on the principal of the presumption of innocence where emphasis is placed on on ensuring that the innocent go free rather than the guilty being convicted (Huff, 2013). However, miscarriages of justice occur when an individual is wrongfully conviction, and such an occurrence tarnishes the system’s reputation greatly (Campbell Denov, 2005). According to the edited case files presented by Moldaver (2009 ), Romeo Phillion was wrongly convicted of the murder of anRead MorePolice Brutality : Public And Critical Eye1052 Words   |  5 PagesOntiveros Mr. Haven ENG110-23 April 13, 2016 Police Brutality Throughout many year police has become more aggressive towards the people of color. They have excessively used their power to discriminate and brutally beat minorities. Police brutality is a very serious problem that many Americans face today. Police should be held accountable for their misconduct towards people of color and be punished severely. Police action in particularly to police abuse has come to the attention of the world wideRead MoreMoral Ethics1041 Words   |  5 Pageswith criminal justice ethics, organizational culture may influence the level at which ethics would be applied. Additionally, when handling matters of police misconduct, ethics are likely to be compromised. This assertion is due to some organizational cultural practices practiced by most police departments. For instance, when dealing with misconduct within the police department, the most preferred means used are legal means. The other alternative to use in addressing the issues of police misconductRead MoreThe United States Criminal Justice System Essay1463 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States criminal justice system can be described as flawed in many ways. Some of these flaws have a larger impact on the people of this country than others. Two of the largest problems we have currently revolve around the issues of wrongful convictions and prosecutorial misconduct. The whole criminal justice system revolves around making sure people follow the laws put in place, and if they do not punish them for their wrongdoing. This system is also about affording the same rights to everyRead MoreThe Use Of Dna Tests For Hair And Blood Samples897 Words   |  4 Pagesinvestigative process. Police misconduct or mistaken eyewitness testimony can ruin the rest of a person’s life. The criminal justice system can be changed to prevent the latter by reforming the type of evidence allowed to be used when convicti ng a person. Most cases of wrongful conviction are either police initiated, which begin with the assumption that a specific person is guilty, or witness initiated, which contains an articulate eyewitness testimony. Police Initiated Police investigations often

Education and Students - 1205 Words

With advancements in technology, some students have chosen to complete their schoolwork through the Internet, rather than in traditional classrooms. Those who support a traditional classroom approach to learning argue that it provides more of an opportunity for students to interact with the teacher and other students. Those who feel that learning over the Internet is better argue that it allows students to learn anytime and anywhere they choose. Do you feel education is better provided in traditional classrooms or when offered over the Internet? Write an essay to be read by a classroom teacher in which you persuade the reader that either traditional classroom education or Internet-based learning is better. With advancements in technology,†¦show more content†¦Write an essay to be read by a classroom teacher in which you persuade the reader that either traditional classroom education or Internet-based learning is better. With advancements in technology, some students have c hosen to complete their schoolwork through the Internet, rather than in traditional classrooms. Those who support a traditional classroom approach to learning argue that it provides more of an opportunity for students to interact with the teacher and other students. Those who feel that learning over the Internet is better argue that it allows students to learn anytime and anywhere they choose. Do you feel education is better provided in traditional classrooms or when offered over the Internet? Write an essay to be read by a classroom teacher in which you persuade the reader that either traditional classroom education or Internet-based learning is better. With advancements in technology, some students have chosen to complete their schoolwork through the Internet, rather than in traditional classrooms. Those who support a traditional classroom approach to learning argue that it provides more of an opportunity for students to interact with the teacher and other students. Those who fee l that learning over the Internet is better argue that it allows students to learn anytime and anywhere they choose. Do you feel education is better provided in traditional classrooms or when offered over the Internet? Write an essay to be readShow MoreRelatedStudent Education And Student s Education2237 Words   |  9 Pagescrucial to a student s education and focus. The school’s environment could not be meeting the needs of the student. This could lead the student to become distracted, or disruptive. The way that teachers deal with distractions and disruptions could have a negative impact on the focus of other students. This may also have a negative impact on the education and future of the disruptive student. Schools are not structured to deal with disruptive students, which negatively affects students who are tryingRead MoreEducation : Education For International Students1310 Words   |  6 PagesEducation for International Students in America Nowadays education plays one of the main roles in the world’s society, because it could be the guaranteed way to succeed. There are no doubts, that education gives empower and an individual opportunity to achieve goals for lives. People who are more highly educated are more likely to get higher paying jobs. Plus, well-educated individuals have more respect from others rather than those who have not finished a college. Usually supervisors are interestedRead MoreEducation For Students With Disabilities803 Words   |  4 Pagesdetermine the best way to teach students with disabilities. As more children with various disabilities, and other impairments learn with â€Å"typical† children, educators continue to learn how to include these students in their classroom. There are challenges and benefits that continue to emerge for educators, children with disabilities, and their non-disabled peers. However, the educational system would agree that education for students with disab ilities has improved greatly. Students with disabilities in inclusiveRead MoreStudents With Disabilities And Their Education1305 Words   |  6 Pagesinclude students with disabilities in general education classes. There are a lot of concerns of whether or not full inclusion is appropriate for all students, how you address certain concerns, how to communicate and involve parents and a lot of other things. Everyone has their own personal views and why they feel the way they do. The controversy will always remain on the topic of students with disabilities and their education. I am slowly starting to form an opinion on whether or not students withRead MoreStudent Education and Assessment854 Words   |  3 PagesLesson Plan Social Studies Topic: Transportation Description In this lesson, a Pre k class with inclusion of special education was expected to discuss and identify different types of transportation. The teacher started by telling the children how she got to school every morning. The teacher got practical by showing the children a pretend steering wheel as a motivation. Then the children were then asked to name some of the ways through which they got to school and around the neighborhoodRead MoreEducation For The Everyday Student Essay1533 Words   |  7 PagesEducation to me is should be enjoyable, but most students today feel as though they are just being taught so that they can take a test. I am strictly against this method of teaching because even though the teaching is straight forward and getting across what the student needs to know, they aren’t truly learning. Before coming to this class, I truly didn’t know there where really other types of learning for the everyday student than what I was going through. It opened my ey es to two types of philosophiesRead MoreCaning: Education and Students1432 Words   |  6 PagesCaning is a common form of punishment that has being used to solve discipline problems among students in schools now days. There are many cases about the caning in schools has been reported. These problem occurs because of the discipline problem in schools is increase and cannot be control by teachers and they think only cane is the method that they can be used to fix the indiscipline problems among students. Caning should not be considered as a most effective method to appropriate with problem ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Student Education761 Words   |  4 Pagessupported with computerized lessons, such as those offered by online tutoring programs, has been found to improve student performance (Clark, 2014). This study found that it works across all academic domains, but they found a great success in mathematics. With an increase of student performance, it also improved on higher order thi nking skills and problem solving strategies in students (Clark, 2014). Another study conducted by Mann, Shakeshaft, Becker, and Kottkamp, 1999, showed with time spent onRead MoreStudent Development In Higher Education. Student Development1323 Words   |  6 PagesStudent Development in Higher Education Student Development theories provide foundation for higher education and student affairs professions and practices. The theories are applied to help address and understand student needs, design programs, develop policies, create healthy campus climates, and encourage the positive development of students (Patton, Renn, Guido, Quaye, 2016, p. 7). The use of such theories in this case cannot only encourage student growth, but a successful resolution processRead MoreInclusion Of A Special Education Student1243 Words   |  5 Pagesan effect on including: the students with disabilities, regular education students, teachers of regular education students, and the parents of students with disabilities. With each group of people, there are many who are for inclusion and many who are against inclusion. Everyone has their own thoughts and opinions and it’s important to hear what each side has to say to help all students in education. If students with disabilities are isolated in the special education classroom, they aren’t being

International Marketing Australian Education Services

Question: Discuss about theInternational Marketingfor Australian Education Services. Answer: Introduction Australian education services are currently exporting to China with the capital of worth $4 billion in 2013-14 as per the federal government (Dou, Yoo Ma, 2003). Communication going on between the government for enhancing the opportunities for Australian education service marketing is ongoing, and the demand for China for the services remain active at both the tertiary and school level with the universities. As per the various sources, Australian vision is to teach around 10 million abroad students within a present decade (Dou, Yoo Ma, 2003). The government of China holds high ambition for bringing reforms in the educational sector. It includes the intention towards developing the various world-class universities by the year 2020 and by 2050 to have the best education system to become best in the world. Along with this, Australian education service is planning to send students to China, due to the educational growth in China and various opportunities to expand (Dou, Yoo Ma, 2003). The primary results of the china-Australia free trade agreement are the intention of China to get listed in around 77 private higher educational institutions of China on the website of Ministry of Education (Dou, Yoo Ma, 2003). The desire of China for conducting the educational programs can offer some excellent opportunities for educational service providers of Australia (Dou, Yoo Ma, 2003). This report had successfully tried to discuss the possibilities for Australian service providers in China, and what all challenges they face in the China. Strong recommendations at improving and mitigate the issues is also offered. Analysis Review the Literature and Industry Publications What are the main Opportunities for the Firm in China/region in China? China is the largest export market for the educational services within Australia. It accounts for around AUD4 billion worth of investment by the year 2013, and this investment is highly protected (Mahesh, Ford Latour, 2003). The FTA had offered the unimportant benefits to the educational providing companies of Australia by adding government named websites, but again this site is the core channel that exists for the students to select the educational preparation institution for studying abroad and this website is quite trusted (Mahesh, Ford Latour, 2003). This website includes around 77 organizations, which are added in the previous 105 institutions of Australia (Mahesh, Ford Latour, 2003). In fact, it is noted that around 90% of the students in China are studying in Australia, selected from the provider list, placed on the website of Ministry (Mahesh, Ford Latour, 2003). It is most likely to offer the enhanced exposure, and finally, students demand to the educational providers in Australia (Mahesh, Ford Latour, 2003). While Australia is known as one of the countries, which spends less on the training and research by the year 2013, and the ratio was around 0.44% of the total GDP dedicated to research; China is heavily investing in the work of investigation (Mahesh, Ford Latour, 2003). The GDP of China devote to the education had also enhanced by 3.93% in the year 2011 and the same increased up to 4.15% by the year 2014. The China is also working towards upgrading the system of technical training and its programs too. Recently, Chain had announced the three-year action plan for promoting the professional and technical training (Pavlou Chai, 2002). Just like, most of the universities of the world, China too is planning to enhanced the global students towards international recognition (Pavlou Chai, 2002). The government of China, for the benefit of Australian education providers, had come up with 10-year plan to enhance the number of global students from 265090 in the year 2010 to around 5 lakh by 2020 (Pavlou Chai, 2002). The aim of these programs is to enhance the diploma and degree students over the period (Pavlou Chai, 2002). It is true that universities in Australia are highly concern about the impact of the rising of universities in China, which will later on demand for the Australian courses because the students of China account for around 30% of the global student population of Australia (P avlou Chai, 2002). China is considered as the largest educational service market from Australia, having a value of $4 billion between the years 2013-14 (Misko, Liu, Jiang, Wu Wang, 2005). The Chinese and Australian government had approved to work in coordination towards enhancing the recruitment and marketing opportunities for the educational institutions of Australia in China (Misko, Liu, Jiang, Wu Wang, 2005). Along with this, both China and Australia students and teachers exchange their knowledge, and offer Australians with the cultural and language skills, to engage meaningfully with China (Misko, Liu, Jiang, Wu Wang, 2005). The government of Australia is also highly committed to improving the reputation of Australia for offering quality education and work towards every Australian education institution for the purpose of increasing the opportunities, which are presented through the high demand for the educational services within China (Misko, Liu, Jiang, Wu Wang, 2005). The agreement of China has listed within study abroad website, including round 77 Australian private educational institutions, and the country had successfully gained the excellent results, due to the quality as well as the reputation of the Australian education (Misko, Liu, Jiang, Wu Wang, 2005). It also clearly depicts the high in the context of China for the robust regulatory framework of Australia (Misko, Liu, Jiang, Wu Wang, 2005). China had also approved towards discussing the services and programs offered to Australian students in China (Misko, Liu, Jiang, Wu Wang, 2005). What are the Challenges for the Firm in China? With the rise in international trade, the global economy as well as the globalization of English usage more, Chinese are accepting students from abroad, to gain the understanding about the intercultural, for obtaining the personal independence, as well as to attain the goals of individual academic (Mazzarol Soutar, 1999). Students of Australia are the highest source of abroad students coming in China (Mazzarol Soutar, 1999). One the fundamental reason for the Chinese universities to accept students from overseas is to enhance their English competence as well as to improve the communicative ability with others (Mazzarol Soutar, 1999). But at the same time, Australian companies face a challenge in the China, as the use of English language is less and the intercultural issues still exist (Mazzarol Soutar, 1999). One of the impacts of the increase in globalization of the English language is the significant rise in the various interaction between intercultural (Mazzarol, Soutar, Smart Choo, 2001). More and more people are getting involved in the communication with the communities and foreigners, which had raised multicultural and multilingual issues (Mazzarol, Soutar, Smart Choo, 2001). In result of the international trend, Australian education services are getting more and more populated with the enormous diversity of the students coming from different countries around the world, including the Australian students as the high global student population in China (Mazzarol, Soutar, Smart Choo, 2001). Despite of the Australian students prominence in Chinese universities, the previous studies had revealed that students of Australia faced issues in China, because Chinese prefer to get mix with the people of their same community, instead of interacting with the students coming from different cultu ral backgrounds (Mazzarol, Soutar, Smart Choo, 2001). Garnaut (2010) had analyzed that Chinese native language and culture create influence on both the verbal as well as nonverbal communication on the students of Australia in China, as Chinese cannot interact in English correctly and they try to use their native Chinese language (Garnaut 2010). From both the interview and survey conducted with the Australian student immigrants in China, it is explored that both the nonverbal and verbal communication is profoundly embodied with the customs and cultural values (Lin, 2005). It is pointed that both the culture and background of China impacts the Australian way of life and sometimes it do create miscommunication and challenges in the new environment of living (Lin, 2005). It is specifically discussed that it might create influence through the variation in social status, opportunities of work, the approach used in the academic study, verbal and nonverbal communications, and recreation when Australian students study within the new cultural com munity (Liu, 2003). The non-native language acquisition through the immigrant is considered as culture-orientation (Luo, 2002). It is true that more one is ready to embrace the culture, the more one can tune towards the language of culture, and in the result of that one can quickly become competent with the language (James, Ma, Hooke Larden, 2005). Segmentation Strategy In China, private kindergarten, secondary and primary schools are going to China, and they provide the supplement English training to all the people between the ages of 2-18. These areas are developed and marketed with the interactive learning tools, which are mainly designed to provide a supplement to the previous textbooks of China and get involved in the products of electronic learning. Particularly, the segment of training education, includes K12 tutoring, childhood education as well as vocational training, both personal and corporate, are considered as the key driver of expansion in coming time. Australian educational service also focuses on online education segment that includes content sharing as well as associated derivatives as the critical trends for development. The content production profit point exist in the real teaching content. Australian educational services also emphasize over the China international education cooperative sector, which is divided into three categori es, such as the jointly managed department of China and Australia, jointly administered schools of China and Australia, and cooperative programs between China and Australia. Cooperative education segment of China and Australia is matured in the segment of higher education that penetrates in all the three categories. Evaluate and Recommendations Recommended for International Internet Marketing for Australian Education Services in China In the modern time internet is one of the primary media for marketing the product or services in the international market (James, Ma, Hooke Larden, 2005). In various areas, the internet is the best source for communicating with the customers (James, Ma, Hooke Larden, 2005). In the case of marketing the product and services of Australian education services in the Chinese market, the internet can be used as a best medium in contacting students and in informing them about the courses and programs going in different Chinese universities (James, Ma, Hooke Larden, 2005). As per the agreement between the Australian and Chinese education sector, students from Australia can study in Chain, due to the present of various educational opportunities over there (Hayhoe Qiang, 2004). Through online marketing, consumer demands could be easily understood, as there can be direct interaction between the educational providers and students (Binsardi Ekwulugo, 2003). In the present time, many Australian companies are coming up with different educational programs at various cost and facilities and customers can select them, as per their interest and budget (Binsardi Ekwulugo, 2003). Through internet market, it becomes easier to modify the product and service as per the demands of the customers (Binsardi Ekwulugo, 2003). In the world of social media, it has become easier to promote the products at the different platform by using Google ads, social media ads, etc. (Binsardi Ekwulugo, 2003). Social media has become an integral part of the education sector in both Australia and young Chinese generation (Bremner, Hibbard, Rosenbush Green, 2005). Using social platforms like Weibo, one can easily sell their products and services as the part of the digital marketing strategy within China (Bremner, Hibbard, Rosenbush Green, 2005). The education providers take benefit of all these online communication channels. The educational providers can facilitate the group chats, which relates to courses, college, and universities, which are effective (Bremner, Hibbard, Rosenbush Green, 2005). Direct interaction with the students over the platform of social media si efficient. It can be considered as an excellent opportunity to efficiently disseminate the content in China market, which could be shared with many users (Bremner, Hibbard, Rosenbush Green, 2005). It is important to take proper time, in understanding how this network should work, and operate over the various digital landscape (Bremner, Hibbard, Rosenbush Green, 2005). The internet marketing ways can help in boosting the different functions like gaming, messenger, e-wallet, micro-stores, and social network (Boone, 2006). The internet marketing strategies can easily employ and transferred (Bremner, Hibbard, Rosenbush Green, 2005). Various educational providers are adopting it and marketing their products and services (Bremner, Hibbard, Rosenbush Green, 2005). References Binsardi, A Ekwulugo, F. (2003). International marketing of British education: research on the students' perception and the UK market penetration. Marketing Intelligence Planning, 21(5), 1-6. Boone, J. (2006). Decline in Chinese student numbers seen as permanent Asian powerhouse is pouring resources into its own university system. Financial Times Bremner, B, Hibbard, J, Rosenbush, S Green, H. (2005). There's more where Baidu came from. Businessweek Dou, W, Yoo, B, Ma, L. (2003). Consumer patronage of ethnic portals. International Marketing Review, 20(6), 1-5. Garnaut, R. 2010. Australian opportunities through the Chinese structural transformation.The Australian Economic Review, 4(4), 1-5. Hayhoe, R Qiang, Z. (2004). Becoming world class: Chinese universities facing globalisation and internationalisation. Harvard China Review, 5(1), 1-7. James, P, Ma, T, Hooke, A Larden, D. (2005). Transnational trials, tribulations and translationTaming the tiger! Proceedings of Breaking Down Barriers Conference. Adelaide: Open and Distance Learning Association of Australia Lin, J. (2005). Internet: China internet plays point way to success with customization. Hong Kong Media Journal, 3, 1-7 Liu, Y. (2003). Firm-based training. China: Central Institute for Vocational Technical Education Luo, Y. (2002). Partnering with foreign firms: How do Chinese managers view the governance and importance of contracts? Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 19(1), 1-6. Mahesh, N., Ford, J, Latour, M. (2003). Cultural Dimensions of Switching Behavior in Importer-Exporter Relationships. Academy of Marketing Science Review, 1, 1-13. Mazzarol, T Soutar, G. (1999). Sustainable competitive advantage for educational institutions: a suggested model. The International Journal of Educational Management, 13(6), 1-13. Mazzarol, T, Soutar, G, Smart, D Choo, S. (2001). Perceptions, information and choice: Understanding how Chinese students select a country for overseas study. Australian Education International Misko, J, Liu, J, Jiang, D, Wu, Q Wang Z. (2005). Linking vocational education and training with industry in Australia and China. China: National Centre for Vocational Education Research Pavlou, P. Chai, L. (2002). What Drives Electronic Commerce Across Cultures? A Cross-Cultural Empirical Investigation of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 3 (4), 240-253.

Nucleon, Inc. Recommendations and Justifications of Phases I, II, and III

In the first phase, Nucleon undertook to build a pilot facility to produce the Cell Regulating Protein 1 (CRP-1). It was noted that the company did not have immediate personnel to sustain the functionality of the facility, such as quality assurance, logistics and repairs. This is despite the fact that the company worked with scholars in the field that the facility would serve.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Nucleon, Inc.: Recommendations and Justifications of Phases I, II, and III specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The other risk was that if the clinical trial failed, the plant would not generate the other products immediately. This manufacturing facility was not yet ready to engage in most of the products (Roy 8). It is recommended that the company carries out a gap analysis on the goal, facility and implementation of its projects (International Facility Management Association 6). This will enable the compan y to plan for the possibilities of failed trials or technical mishaps in its projected functions. A gap analysis would reveal the capacity of Nucleon Inc. in terms of human resources and the means of developing on-job skills. The analysis will determine the difference between the actual potential of the company and its ideal potential (International Facility Management Association 6). It is also recommended that Nucleon determines the time that it would require to set up the facility, in addition to the time required to recruit and train the personnel of the designated responsibilities (International Facility Management Association 6). This would require working with the existing experts in a different facility and using strategic simulations. After all, the contract option would require a company with such expertise and personnel (Roy 9). In contraction, Nucleon should have a selective approach by agreeing with the potential contractor on the level of information disclosure. It sho uld be recommended that for every level of information disclosure, the prospective contractor should make a corresponding commitment to the program (Kirk 202). It is also recommended that the company considers the limits within which it may engage in legal battles, in case of a breach of contract. The other costs may arise in form of monitoring and evaluation and transactional fees (Kirk 202).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The third phase of the CRP-1 project would involve licensing the product to another company. Roy observes that Nucleon would have numerous benefits in form of money, reduced costs of production, and marketing (Roy 10). It is recommended that Nucleon should license the product to another company. This would allow the company to concentrate on strengthening its technology and thus, promoting innovation (Friedman 285). However, Nucleon Inc. must put in place measures to ensure that the licensed company operates within the agreement. Licensing would also allow the company to prepare for more complex and capital demanding projects. The pilot facility would cost Nucleon about $7.394 million and the estimated cost of the clinical trial was $4.795 million. The estimated gross sales would be $53.7 million, $99.5 million, $125 million, $130 million, and $150 million in 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002 respectively (Roy 15). To determine the net value of the project, the company and its stakeholders must establish the monetary costs in the three phases. Some of the parameters to include are the cost of approval, the costs of material and facility, and the costs of training personnel. The non-monetary costs may include the costs of improving the technology, environmental factors and the average time of preparation and piloting (Stewart 7-8). The value of the project increases with the approval of each phase. This should be determined over time in phase 1, 2 and 3 (Stewart 11). Although the valuation is done per stage, it is vital to factor in the risks of the project. The risk-adjusted cash flow is explained in an empirical formulation or in qualitative parameters of various operations (Stewart 10). Works Cited Friedman, Yale, Intellectual property and biotechnology innovation: To protect or not to protect 15.4: 285-286. 2009. Print. International Facility Management Association, Strategic Facility Planning: A white paper. Houston, TX: IFMA. 2009. Print.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Nucleon, Inc.: Recommendations and Justifications of Phases I, II, and III specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Kirk, Dorothy, Selecting University technology Transfer Modes: An examination of Biotechnology Firms’ Entrepreneurial Orientation. Journal of technology management and innovation 8.2: 189-208. 2013. Print. Roy, Raja â€Å"Nucleon, Inc.† Ha rvard Business School 692.41 (1994): 1-16. Print. Stewart, Jeffrey, Biotechnology valuations for the 21st Century. Milkens Institute 17.2: 1- 12. 2002. Print. This case study on Nucleon, Inc.: Recommendations and Justifications of Phases I, II, and III was written and submitted by user Cassidy Vinson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Chocoberry Ideation Essay Essay Example

Chocoberry Ideation Essay Essay Example Chocoberry Ideation Essay Essay Chocoberry Ideation Essay Essay What techniques will you suggest to CB to bring forth thoughts that can be developed into feasible constructs? Since this is CB’s first raid into consumer merchandises I would suggest that CB use all locales available to bring forth thoughts that can be used to develop into successful merchandises. The diagram given in the figure at the start of portion II of the trial book shows five mobs: Technology End userTeamOther insidersOther Foreigners Of the many methods for ideation offered in modern-day literature. which represents the best for CB in this state of affairs. and why? The technique I would urge CB usage in this state of affairs is to carry on a job analysis. The CEO would wish the research squad to make a cacao merchandise that will hold wellness benefits. Uniting this demand with a solution that would work out a client job would increase the success rate of a new merchandise. The ground job analysis is recommended: â€Å"As an advertisement bureau executive one time said†¦problem list is far better forecaster than want list. † Since jobs are non merchandise specific. CB can bring forth more thoughts that can be used for merchandise development. Additionally. I would suggest that CB work with external resources since CB does non hold any experience in merchandise development or production for consumers. Who might be selected to execute the ideation. and why? First of all. a new merchandise development squad must be created and assigned the undertaking to work with internal and external resources. To execute the ideation. all internal and external should be together to brainstorm and concept showing. The new merchandise development squad and the fabrication squad must be together. They can brainstorm and acquire a construct. so present the thoughts to the CEO. In this instance. both squads know that the mark group is grownups who wish to indulge in cocoa. but who have been concerned with the wellness facets. Fabrication must be present since there was a concern that non all merchandise thoughts can be produced. Having screened the thoughts to a choice few. how are constructs generated from the thoughts. and when? The construct should be generated by concentrating on the benefits of the new merchandises bring to the consumer. Such that the new cocoa merchandise will hold wellness benefits that was late discovered. Idea Evaluation ( 50 points ) Once the thoughts are generated. how might they be evaluated to maximise the figure that has the greatest possible and to minimise the chance of rejecting first-class thoughts? Enumerate the standards that might be applied to suitably measure the thoughts and to finally rank them harmonizing to their possible for CB. Since the job analysis was suggested as method for ideation. the undermentioned stairss needs to take topographic point: Determine the appropriate merchandise or activity class for geographic expedition. Identify a group of heavy merchandise users or activity participants Gather from theses heavy merchandise users or participants a set of jobs associated with the current merchandise Who would carry on the rating and why? I would suggest an out side adviser with extended experience in the consumer merchandises in general. and the cocoa industry in peculiar. Concentrating on the choice few constructs. what are the appraising standards that might be used to insulate the one or two that should be recommended for farther development? I propose that a spread analysis be conducted which will place the spread and carry through the spread with new merchandise. This will accomplish two things: The new merchandise will non vie with bing merchandises in which CB will straight vie with its bing clients. The new merchandise will carry through a spread that exists in the cocoa for wellness class of merchandise. Who would carry on the construct rating and with what tools?

Quality of education in post-conflict in Rwanda and post-disasters in Essay

Quality of education in post-conflict in Rwanda and post-disasters in Pakistan - Essay Example Education can spare and support lives, offering physical, cognitive and psychosocial security when conveyed in protected, nonpartisan spaces. Education restores routine and gives individuals trust for the future; it can likewise serve as a channel both for meeting other essential compassionate needs and conveying basic messages that advance security and prosperity. During conflicts and catastrophes, education systems, students and personnel suffer the effects of the conflicts and catastrophes and forced displacement. Some of these effects include, loss of life, loss of property and loved ones, loss of educational opportunities, and mass rape and other sexual violence which is as a result of alteration of the school programs. Conflicts and catastrophes intensify inequality, disrupts the whole society. This can have severe psychological effects particular to the children who are in school (Schweisfurth, 2006). However, not having enough education worsens security and deepens poverty in a country. The presence of unequal education opportunities fuels a sense of injustice and grievances. Education of terrible quality can be exceedingly divisive, especially if choices about educational module content, course books or dialect of guideline prohibit or permit denunciation of some social gatherings, and if education strengthens messages that savagery i s a worthy answer to individual, social or political issues. Education has vast value for its own sake. This means that all young people and children, including those that have been affected by conflict and catastrophes have the right to receive a quality education. Nevertheless, education is needed in emergency setting to prepare the society for ultimate post-disaster and post-conflict reconstruction and social-economic development (Jones, 2006). Balanced development with economic development obliges that young people of all social, ethnic, religious and

Subiaco Centro Project Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Subiaco Centro Project - Term Paper Example There are non-transportation objectives and they include provision of affordable and desirable housing choices, support revitalization or economic development, enhance quality of life and the sense of community, minimize infrastructure costs, shift the development from the sensitive areas, and reduce sprawl. The motivating factor for most of the stakeholders and in some cases the transit agencies is the financial return associated with TODs. For example, rents are a major supply of non-farebox revenue that is accrued from the development of system-owned land that is adjacent to the transit stations . Research conducted indicates that the number of the no-car households in regions where public transport is reducing and the high earning households who have cars is increasing. The trend undermines the same findings by Affleck and Haslam Mackenzie. They were able to find out that the TODs attracted the affluent population cohort and squeezed out the people who depended on the public transport and those who would benefit from living closer to the transit oriented development . Theories Relative to Subiaco TOD The success of Subiaco Centro Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is a factor of the the underlying TOD principles on which it was based. The structure of the project was modeled along a wide range of these principles among them the principle of Diversity of Use. This principle generally means that the program makes use of market synergy of balancing functions so that more people are attracted and retained within the structure of the TOD.... For example, rents are a major supply of non-farebox revenue that is accrued from the development of system-owned land that is adjacent to the transit stations4. Research conducted indicates that the number of the no-car households in regions where public transport is reducing and the high earning households who have cars is increasing. The trend undermines the same findings by Affleck and Haslam Mackenzie. They were able to find out that the TODs attracted the affluent population cohort and squeezed out the people who depended on the public transport and those who would benefit from living closer to the transit oriented development5. Theories Relative to Subiaco TOD The success of Subiaco Centro Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is a factor of the the underlying TOD principles on which it was based. The structure of the project was modeled along a wide range of these principles among them the principle of Diversity of Use. This principle generally means that the program makes use o f market synergy of balancing functions so that more people are attracted and retained within the structure of the TOD. In the Subiaco case, the implementers condensed a multiplicity of services from a wide range of sectors for the purposes of efficiency and harmony. Partnerships were created to enable the active participation of the public and the policy implementers to ease the disconnection that had existed before. The second principle on which this project was created was one of compactness. This principle as understood within the context of TOD basically means that the structure of the place is made in a walkable design. This means that the physical structure must be tight and precise to

The Environmental Problems Of Guwahati Environmental Sciences Essay

The Environmental Problems Of Guwahati Environmental Sciences Essay Guwahati, the largest city of Northeastern region of India with an area of 216 sq.km, It is the fifth fastest growing city of India in terms of urbanization. Guwahati being the only city of North eastern region, the city witnessed many changes like rapid increase of population, depletion of forest cover, spread of diseases which resulted many environmental problems akin to land, air, water and society. Most of the changes have taken place due to the effect of changing natural environment, tremendous growth of population particularly after shifting of the capital from Shillong to Dispur, hill slope destabilization due to construction of roads, dwelling houses, public institutions and also for encroachment in wetlands and low lying areas. As the city of Guwahati is bounded on three sides by hills and the other side by the mighty river Brahmaputra, the horizontal expansion is restricted for which many multistoried buildings have come up in recent years just to accommodate ever increasing population (1991- 2001 decadal growth rate is 38.6%) . On the other hand, required infrastructure and city amenities necessary for city dwellers and city us ers have not developed accordingly. As a result many problems arisen in the city, such as traffic congestion, water logging, dusty atmosphere, water borne and airborne diseases etc. In this study an attempt has been given to highlight the environmental problems arisen in Guwahati, their causes and consequences. Introduction The city of Guwahati is said to be the legendary Pragjyotispur, the city of eastern light. Guwahati is said to be the gateway of Northeast India. The city is situated between 260 1025 north latitude and 910 450 east longitude. The southern, eastern and a part of western sides of Guwahati are surrounded by hills and hillocks. The mighty river Brahmaputra in the north is flowing in north-east to south-west direction. Other important rivers in and around Guwahati are Bharalu, Mora-bharalu, Basistha-bahini etc. The city is dotted with swamps, marshes and water bodies like Dipor beel, Dighali pukhuri, Silsaku bill etc. The city falls under humid, subtropical region characterized by warm humid climate with heavy rainfall (average rainfall 1600mm) and a relatively cool winter with rather scanty rainfall. The maximum and minimum temperature recorded in the city is 38 degree and 16 degree respectively with relative humidity of more than 76.6%. As the city is the commercial nerve centre of the Northeast has developed road (National Highway No31, No37 and No 40), rail and air connectivity with rest of the country. Main problems identified in the city are different types of pollution caused due to man induced activities, increase of population, water logging, soil erosion etc. Aims This study aims at creating such an environment in Guwahati that the city could be made livable and lovable one. With this aim the objective this study has been designed Objectives To analyze the geo-ecological setup of Guwahati. To highlight the environmental problems associated with planning process of the city. To examine the cause and effect of various problems, and To throw light on the remedial measures to be taken to minimize the miseries of the city dwellers and city users. Methodology Here, in the study both primary and secondary sources of data have been used. Primary data were collected by spot visit and direct observation of the phenomena. On the other hand secondary data have been collected from various published works such as books, journals research articles, reports etc. Topographical maps (No 78N/12 16) and satellite imageries (SPOT MLA P-238, R-298 Dated 18/10/1990 and Landsat TM P-137, R -042 Dated 10/06/1988) have been used to examine the nature of the city growth, understand the environmental issues and to find out solutions for minimizing the miseries of the city dwellers. Collected data have been summarized, analyzed and presented in various forms like graphs, tables, maps etc. for easy understanding of the content of the paper. Data Analysis and Findings 1. Locational peculiarity of the city invites many environmental problems. Back in time the city was known as Pragjyotishpur, which finds mention in Mahabharata, Ramayana, Raghuvansha of Kalidas. Chinese traveler Hiuen Tsang visited the city in 640 AD and described in details about the customs and manners of the people of Guwahati. Located on strategic point the city has always been a bone of contention between rival political powers. A number of bloody wars were fought between Ahom and Mughal rulers for Guwahatis possession. Deforestation Increase in surface run off HILLS Hill slope destabilization Soil erosion Land slide/ land slip Rock fall Hill land Siltation in low lying areas and storm water encroachment drains PLAINS Decrease in water Wetland retention capacity Inundation of new areas encroachment Hampers free flow of water Degeneration of water WETLANDS bodies Dwindling Flora Fauna Fig. 1 : Schematic Diagram showing impact of human activities on the environmental problems of Guwahati With the weakening of Ahom power in Assam, the city passed into the hands of British in 1826. During the British days political pre-eminence of Guwahati shifted to Shillong, which they chose as State Capital. In 1971 with the reorganization of Assam State and shifting of capital to Guwahati (Dispur) it again recovered its political pre-eminence in north east region [1]. Since then Guwahati has made a rapid progress as far as demographic, commercial and industrial activities are concerned. All these activities are responsible for many environmental problems in the city (Fig.1). . 2. Geographical and geological setups are responsible to a great extent for the problems like water-logging, landslide etc. in the city. The general shape of the city is just like a bowl surrounded by hills and hillocks in three sides and river side roads on the remaining side. The altitude in the plain areas of the city varies from 49.5m to 55.5m. . There are a number of small hillocks in the city of which Sarania (193m), Nabagraha (217m), Nilachal (193m), and Chunsali (293m) are important. The hills are composed of Granite, Quartzite, Hornblende-Biotic-Schist, Pegmatite and Quartz. On the other hand the plain areas of the city covered by old and new alluvium. Most part of the city composed of light yellowish to red soil. When the soils completely water saturated during the monsoon months accelerate the rate of landslide hazards. The granitic rocks on the hills gradually exposed due to hill soil erosion. Quite often rock fall occur during the end part of the monsoon months and take precious human lives and damage property. Since August 1987 to August 2005 as many as 22 cases of landslide and rock fall cases recorded in different locations of Guwahati. 3. Climatic condition particularly rainfall concentration in monsoon months from June to September cause many inconvenience like water-logging, dusty atmosphere, spread of water borne and airborne dieses . Usually June rainfall is always alarming but the downpour absorbed by soil. At this stage landslide, rock fall and water logging etc. do not arise. But from July onwards in each heavy shower cause water logging in the areas like Narengi, Satgaon, Saimail, Khanapara, Noonmati, Bamunimaidam, Chandmari, Silpukhuri, Guwahati Club, Uzanbazar, Panbazar, Fancy Bazar, Paltan Bazar, Athgaon, Bharalumukh, Maligaon, Adabari, Jalukbari, G.S. Road, Zoo Road Tinali, Rajgarj Road, Bhangagarh, Dispur. When hill soils become saturated landslide and rock fall occur. Again, immediately after water logging, road surface become muddy and roadside drains clogged with silt derived from the hills. Soon after, dry mud on the roads create dusty atmosphere and increase air pollution. Moreover, storm water ca use mixing of drain water and septic tank effluents with drinking water sources aggravate the health hazards in the city. 4. Almost all the problems of the city related to the population growth. The decadal growth of population in Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority (GMDA) clearly indicates how population may create problems in the city (Table- 1) The urban sprawl map since 1911 also indicate how city has been expanded (Fig-4). This has drastically changed the land use pattern in the city (Table-2).More particularly slums and squatters have increased manifold in last few years. As a result many inconvenience and problems have arisen in the city. 5. Defective planning and lacuna in executing the development schemes aggravate the problems in the city. In this regard, inadequate road space, lack of parking facility, undersized roadside drains, haphazardly laid utility wires and pipes are worth mentioning. Almost all the important roads, viz. GNB Road, GS Road, MG Road and most of the traffic point face acute traffic congestion. Up to 1975 the number of motorized vehicles in the city was only 27,000 which has increased to 1,29,856 in the year 1990. After that the rate of increase accelerated and by 2003 it records 3,13,387. As such around one lakh motor vehicle added to the roads of Guwahati every year [2]. On the other hand the city area has increased by only 46 sq km in last twenty years. Most of the streets in the city are only 4.8m wide. There are many lanes, which have only 3.6m or even 3.0m width. Theses should be at least 8.0m for light and medium vehicles and at least 9.0m for heavy vehicles [3]. The results of the vehic ular emission show the violation in emission limit by 53 percent and 81 percent in case of petrol and diesel vehicles respectively [4 5]. It clearly indicates the magnitude of pollution level in the city. 6. Lack of awareness and tendency of violating the norms and rules in constructing houses, disposing household wastes and abiding traffic rules cause many problems in the city. 7. Slackness in enforcing laws also responsible for the problems of traffic congestion, waste disposal, hill slope destabilization, wetland encroachment and various types of pollution in the city. Table- 1: Population Growth in Guwahati (from 1971 to 2001) Year Population 1971 2,93,219 1981 4,51,200 1991 6,93,660 2001 10,67,400 1200000 1000000 800000 600000 Population 400000 200000 0 1971 1981 1991 2001 Fig. 3: Population Growth in Guwahati (from 1971 to 2001) Land Use Category 1990 2001 Residential 8904 (71.04%) 6600 Commercial 202 (1.62%) 660 Industrial 516 (4.14%) 1375 Public Semi Public 1504 (12.08%) 2475 Transport 1053 (8.47%) 3399 Communication Parks Recreation 14 (0.11%) 1450 Special Use/Others 257 (2.06%) Table- 2: Area under Various Land Uses 1990 to 2001